水漏
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古(gǔ )代(dài )的(de )一(yī )种(zhǒng )计(jì )时(shí )器(qì )。盛(shèng )水(shuǐ )于(yú )铜(tóng )壶(hú ),壶(hú )内(nèi )置(zhì )一(yī )刻(kè )有(yǒu )度(dù )数(shù )之(zhī )箭(jiàn ),壶(hú )底(dǐ )有(yǒu )小(xiǎo )孔(kǒng ),水(shuǐ )下(xià )漏(lòu ),视(shì )度(dù )数(shù )变(biàn )化(huà )以(yǐ )计(jì )时(shí )。
《诗(shī )·齐(qí )风(fēng )·东(dōng )方(fāng )未(wèi )明(míng )序(xù )》“挈(qiè )壶(hú )氏(shì )”唐(táng )孔(kǒng )颖(yǐng )达(dá )疏(shū ):“壶(hú ),盛(shèng )水(shuǐ )器(qì )也(yě )。世(shì )主(zhǔ )挈(qiè )壶(hú )水(shuǐ )以(yǐ )为(wéi )漏(lòu )……刻(kè ),谓(wèi )置(zhì )箭(jiàn )壶(hú )内(nèi ),刻(kè )以(yǐ )为(wéi )节(jiē )而(ér )浮(fú )之(zhī )水(shuǐ )上(shàng ),令(lìng )水(shuǐ )漏(lòu )而(ér )刻(kè )下(xià ),以(yǐ )记(jì )昼(zhòu )夜(yè )昏(hūn )明(míng )之(zhī )度(dù )数(shù )也(yě )。”
《新(xīn )唐(táng )书(shū )·曆(lì )志(zhì )三(sān )上(shàng )》:“观(guān )晷(guǐ )景(jǐng )之(zhī )进(jìn )退(tuì ),知(zhī )轨(guǐ )道(dào )之(zhī )升(shēng )降(jiàng )。轨(guǐ )与(yǔ )晷(guǐ )名(míng )舛(chuǎn )而(ér )义(yì )合(hé ),其(qí )差(chà )则(zé )水(shuǐ )漏(lòu )之(zhī )所(suǒ )从(cóng )也(yě )。总(zǒng )名(míng )曰(yuē )轨(guǐ )漏(lòu )。”参(cān )见(jiàn )“漏(lòu )壶(hú )”。
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●水漏(简体版)
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