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1.墨(mò )子(zǐ )的(de )政(zhèng )治(zhì )思(sī )想(xiǎng )。谓(wèi )在(zài )“尚(shàng )贤(xián )”的(de )基(jī )础(chǔ )上(shàng )，推(tuī )选(xuǎn )贤(xián )者(zhě )仁(rén )人(rén )。主(zhǔ )张(zhāng )地(dì )位(wèi )居(jū )下(xià )者(zhě )逐(zhú )层(céng )服(fú )从(cóng )居(jū )上(shàng )者(zhě )，如(rú )家(jiā )君(jūn )服(fú )从(cóng )国(guó )君(jūn )、国(guó )君(jūn )服(fú )从(cóng )天(tiān )子(zǐ )，从(cóng )而(ér )达(dá )到(dào )“一(yī )同(tóng )天(tiān )下(xià )之(zhī )议(yì )”的(de )治(zhì )世(shì )。

《墨(mò )子(zǐ )·尚(shàng )同(tóng )中(zhōng )》：“﹝里(lǐ )长(zhǎng )﹞率(lǜ )其(qí )里(lǐ )之(zhī )万(wàn )民(mín )，以(yǐ )尚(shàng )同(tóng )乎(hū )乡(xiāng )长(zhǎng )。曰(yuē )，凡(fán )里(lǐ )之(zhī )万(wàn )民(mín )，皆(jiē )尚(shàng )同(tóng )乎(hū )乡(xiāng )长(zhǎng )，而(ér )不(bú )敢(gǎn )下(xià )比(bǐ )。”

《墨(mò )子(zǐ )·尚(shàng )同(tóng )中(zhōng )》：“﹝乡(xiāng )长(zhǎng )﹞有(yǒu )率(lǜ )其(qí )乡(xiāng )万(wàn )民(mín )，以(yǐ )尚(shàng )同(tóng )乎(hū )国(guó )君(jūn )。曰(yuē )，凡(fán )乡(xiāng )之(zhī )万(wàn )民(mín )，皆(jiē )上(shàng )同(tóng )乎(hū )国(guó )君(jūn )，而(ér )不(bú )敢(gǎn )下(xià )比(bǐ )。”

2.谓(wèi )溷(hùn )同(tóng )于(yú )流(liú )俗(sú )。

晋(jìn )陶(táo )潜(qián )《饮(yǐn )酒(jiǔ )》诗(shī )之(zhī )九(jiǔ )：“一(yī )世(shì )皆(jiē )尚(shàng )同(tóng )，愿(yuàn )君(jūn )汩(gǔ )其(qí )泥(ní )。”

宋(sòng )叶(yè )绍(shào )翁(wēng )《四(sì )朝(cháo )闻(wén )见(jiàn )录(lù )·庆(qìng )元(yuán )党(dǎng )》：“﹝士(shì )大(dà )夫(fū )﹞以(yǐ )慷(kāng )慨(kǎi )直(zhí )言(yán )为(wéi )卖(mài )直(zhí )，以(yǐ )清(qīng )修(xiū )自(zì )好(hǎo )为(wéi )不(bú )情(qíng )，流(liú )弊(bì )之(zhī )极(jí )，至(zhì )于(yú )北(běi )伐(fá )，举(jǔ )朝(cháo )趋(qū )和(hé )，而(ér )争(zhēng )之(zhī )者(zhě )不(bú )数(shù )人(rén )。今(jīn )既(jì )更(gèng )化(huà )，当(dāng )先(xiān )破(pò )尚(shàng )同(tóng )之(zhī )习(xí )。”

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