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(匠(jiàng )师(shī )，匠(jiàng )师(shī ))

1.主(zhǔ )管(guǎn )众(zhòng )工(gōng )匠(jiàng )的(de )官(guān )员(yuán )。

周(zhōu )代(dài )始(shǐ )设(shè )，相(xiàng )当(dāng )于(yú )汉(hàn )以(yǐ )后(hòu )的(de )将(jiāng )作(zuò )大(dà )匠(jiàng )。

《国(guó )语(yǔ )·鲁(lǔ )语(yǔ )上(shàng )》：“庄(zhuāng )公(gōng )欲(yù )丹(dān )桓(huán )宫(gōng )之(zhī )楹(yíng )，而(ér )刻(kè )其(qí )桷(jué )。匠(jiàng )师(shī )庆(qìng )言(yán )于(yú )公(gōng )曰(yuē )：‘臣(chén )闻(wén )圣(shèng )王(wáng )公(gōng )之(zhī )先(xiān )封(fēng )者(zhě )，遗(yí )后(hòu )之(zhī )人(rén )法(fǎ )，使(shǐ )无(wú )陷(xiàn )于(yú )恶(è )……今(jīn )先(xiān )君(jūn )俭(jiǎn )而(ér )君(jūn )侈(chǐ )，令(lìng )德(dé )替(tì )矣(yǐ )。’”

《周(zhōu )书(shū )·儒(rú )林(lín )传(chuán )·卢(lú )光(guāng )》：“六(liù )官(guān )建(jiàn )，授(shòu )小(xiǎo )匠(jiàng )师(shī )下(xià )大(dà )夫(fū )，进(jìn )授(shòu )开(kāi )府(fǔ )仪(yí )同(tóng )三(sān )司(sī )、匠(jiàng )师(shī )中(zhōng )大(dà )夫(fū )，进(jìn )爵(jué )为(wéi )侯(hóu )，增(zēng )邑(yì )五(wǔ )百(bǎi )户(hù )，转(zhuǎn )工(gōng )部(bù )中(zhōng )大(dà )夫(fū )。”

宋(sòng )沉(chén )括(kuò )《梦(mèng )溪(xī )笔(bǐ )谈(tán )·技(jì )艺(yì )》：“钱(qián )氏(shì )据(jù )两(liǎng )浙(zhè )时(shí )，于(yú )杭(háng )州(zhōu )梵(fàn )天(tiān )寺(sì )建(jiàn )一(yī )木(mù )塔(tǎ )，方(fāng )两(liǎng )三(sān )级(jí )，钱(qián )帅(shuài )登(dēng )之(zhī )，患(huàn )其(qí )塔(tǎ )动(dòng )。匠(jiàng )师(shī )云(yún )：‘未(wèi )布(bù )瓦(wǎ )，上(shàng )轻(qīng )，故(gù )如(rú )此(cǐ )。’”

2.泛(fàn )指(zhǐ )工(gōng )匠(jiàng )。

周(zhōu )恩(ēn )来(lái )《在(zài )加(jiā )德(dé )满(mǎn )都(dōu )市(shì )民(mín )大(dà )会(huì )上(shàng )的(de )讲(jiǎng )话(huà )》：“在(zài )历(lì )史(shǐ )上(shàng )，尼(ní )泊(bó )尔(ěr )曾(céng )经(jīng )是(shì )中(zhōng )国(guó )的(de )学(xué )者(zhě )和(hé )匠(jiàng )师(shī )寻(xún )求(qiú )知(zhī )识(shí )和(hé )技(jì )术(shù )的(de )地(dì )方(fāng )。”

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