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讽(fěng )刺(cì )。

《汉(hàn )书(shū )·礼(lǐ )乐(lè )志(zhì )》：“周(zhōu )道(dào )始(shǐ )缺(quē )，怨(yuàn )刺(cì )之(zhī )诗(shī )起(qǐ )。王(wáng )泽(zé )既(jì )竭(jié )，而(ér )诗(shī )不(bú )能(néng )作(zuò )。”

唐(táng )刘(liú )知(zhī )几(jǐ )《史(shǐ )通(tōng )·疑(yí )古(gǔ )》：“观(guān )夫(fū )子(zǐ )之(zhī )删(shān )《诗(shī )》也(yě )，凡(fán )诸(zhū )《国(guó )风(fēng )》，皆(jiē )有(yǒu )怨(yuàn )刺(cì )，在(zài )于(yú )鲁(lǔ )国(guó )，独(dú )无(wú )其(qí )章(zhāng )。”

宋(sòng )陈(chén )师(shī )道(dào )《后(hòu )山(shān )诗(shī )话(huà )》：“苏(sū )诗(shī )始(shǐ )学(xué )刘(liú )禹(yǔ )锡(xī )，故(gù )多(duō )怨(yuàn )刺(cì )，学(xué )不(bú )可(kě )不(bú )慎(shèn )也(yě )。”

明(míng )杨(yáng )慎(shèn )《升(shēng )庵(ān )经(jīng )说(shuō )·小(xiǎo )东(dōng )大(dà )东(dōng )》：“大(dà )国(guó )攻(gōng )战(zhàn )会(huì )盟(méng )，小(xiǎo )国(guó )贡(gòng )赋(fù )奔(bēn )走(zǒu )，故(gù )空(kōng )其(qí )杼(zhù )柚(yòu )而(ér )怨(yuàn )刺(cì )作(zuò )也(yě )。”

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