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亦(yì )作(zuò )“水(shuǐ )僊(xiān )”。

1.传(chuán )说(shuō )中(zhōng )的(de )水(shuǐ )中(zhōng )神(shén )仙(xiān )。

唐(táng )司(sī )马(mǎ )承(chéng )顺(shùn )《天(tiān )隐(yǐn )子(zǐ )·神(shén )解(jiě )八(bā )》：“在(zài )人(rén )谓(wèi )之(zhī )人(rén )仙(xiān )，在(zài )天(tiān )曰(yuē )天(tiān )仙(xiān )，在(zài )地(dì )曰(yuē )地(dì )仙(xiān )，在(zài )水(shuǐ )曰(yuē )水(shuǐ )仙(xiān )，能(néng )变(biàn )通(tōng )之(zhī )曰(yuē )神(shén )仙(xiān )。”

宋(sòng )王(wáng )安(ān )石(shí )《小(xiǎo )姑(gū )》诗(shī )：“初(chū )学(xué )水(shuǐ )仙(xiān )骑(qí )赤(chì )鲤(lǐ )，竟(jìng )寻(xún )山(shān )鬼(guǐ )从(cóng )文(wén )狸(lí )。”

宋(sòng )赵(zhào )令(lìng )畤(zhì )《侯(hóu )鲭(qīng )录(lù )》卷(juàn )八(bā )：“冯(féng )夷(yí )，华(huá )阴(yīn )，潼(tóng )乡(xiāng )隄(dī )伯(bó )人(rén )也(yě )。服(fú )八(bā )石(shí )，得(dé )水(shuǐ )仙(xiān )，是(shì )为(wéi )河(hé )伯(bó )。”按(àn )，汉(hàn )袁(yuán )康(kāng )《越(yuè )绝(jué )书(shū )·德(dé )序(xù )外(wài )传(chuán )记(jì )》称(chēng )伍(wǔ )子(zǐ )胥(xū )为(wéi )水(shuǐ )仙(xiān )；晋(jìn )王(wáng )嘉(jiā )《拾(shí )遗(yí )记(jì )·洞(dòng )庭(tíng )山(shān )》称(chēng )屈(qū )原(yuán )为(wéi )水(shuǐ )仙(xiān )。因(yīn )伍(wǔ )子(zǐ )胥(xū )死(sǐ )后(hòu )被(bèi )沉(chén )尸(shī )于(yú )江(jiāng )；屈(qū )原(yuán )自(zì )投(tóu )汨(mì )罗(luó )江(jiāng )以(yǐ )死(sǐ )，故(gù )后(hòu )人(rén )传(chuán )说(shuō )为(wéi )水(shuǐ )仙(xiān )。

2.谓(wèi )水(shuǐ )葬(zàng )者(zhě )。

北(běi )齐(qí )刘(liú )昼(zhòu )《新(xīn )论(lùn )·风(fēng )俗(sú )》：“胡(hú )之(zhī )北(běi )有(yǒu )射(shè )姑(gū )之(zhī )国(guó )，其(qí )亲(qīn )死(sǐ )，则(zé )弃(qì )尸(shī )于(yú )江(jiāng )中(zhōng )，谓(wèi )之(zhī )‘水(shuǐ )仙(xiān )’。”

3.称(chēng )遍(biàn )游(yóu )江(jiāng )湖(hú )乐(lè )而(ér )忘(wàng )返(fǎn )之(zhī )人(rén )。

唐(táng )袁(yuán )郊(jiāo )《甘(gān )泽(zé )谣(yáo )·陶(táo )岘(xiàn )》：“﹝陶(táo )岘(xiàn )﹞富(fù )有(yǒu )田(tián )业(yè )，择(zé )家(jiā )人(rén )不(bú )欺(qī )而(ér )了(le )事(shì )者(zhě )，悉(xī )付(fù )之(zhī )，身(shēn )则(zé )泛(fàn )艚(cáo )江(jiāng )湖(hú )，遍(biàn )游(yóu )烟(yān )水(shuǐ )，往(wǎng )往(wǎng )数(shù )岁(suì )不(bú )归(guī )……吴(wú )越(yuè )之(zhī )士(shì )，号(hào )为(wéi )水(shuǐ )仙(xiān )。”

4.琴(qín )曲(qǔ )名(míng )。

《水(shuǐ )仙(xiān )操(cāo )》的(de )简(jiǎn )称(chēng )。

宋(sòng )陈(chén )亮(liàng )《诉(sù )衷(zhōng )情(qíng )》词(cí )：“数(shù )声(shēng )《渔(yú )父(fù )》，一(yī )曲(qǔ )《水(shuǐ )仙(xiān )》，歌(gē )断(duàn )还(hái )愁(chóu )。”

明(míng )夏(xià )完(wán )淳(chún )《夜(yè )宿(xiǔ )山(shān )馆(guǎn )》诗(shī )：“《水(shuǐ )仙(xiān )》未(wèi )成(chéng )调(diào )，《广(guǎng )陵(líng )》已(yǐ )绝(jué )散(sàn )。”

康(kāng )有(yǒu )为(wéi )《出(chū )都(dōu )留(liú )别(bié )诸(zhū )公(gōng )》诗(shī )：“一(yī )曲(qǔ )苍(cāng )茫(máng )奏(zòu )《水(shuǐ )仙(xiān )》，灵(líng )飞(fēi )鬼(guǐ )啸(xiào )一(yī )千(qiān )年(nián )。”

5.多(duō )年(nián )生(shēng )草(cǎo )本(běn )植(zhí )物(wù )。地(dì )下(xià )鳞(lín )茎(jīng )作(zuò )卵(luǎn )圆(yuán )形(xíng )，叶(yè )子(zǐ )条(tiáo )形(xíng )，伞(sǎn )形(xíng )花(huā )序(xù )，花(huā )白(bái )色(sè )，中(zhōng )心(xīn )黄(huáng )色(sè )，有(yǒu )香(xiāng )味(wèi )。供(gòng )观(guān )赏(shǎng )，鳞(lín )茎(jīng )和(hé )花(huā )可(kě )入(rù )药(yào )。亦(yì )指(zhǐ )此(cǐ )种(zhǒng )植(zhí )物(wù )的(de )花(huā )。

宋(sòng )赵(zhào )彦(yàn )卫(wèi )《云(yún )麓(lù )漫(màn )钞(chāo )》卷(juàn )四(sì )：“杨(yáng )诚(chéng )斋(zhāi )云(yún )：世(shì )以(yǐ )水(shuǐ )仙(xiān )为(wéi )金(jīn )琖(zhǎn )银(yín )台(tái )。盖(gài )单(dān )叶(yè )者(zhě )，其(qí )中(zhōng )真(zhēn )有(yǒu )一(yī )酒(jiǔ )琖(zhǎn )，深(shēn )黄(huáng )而(ér )金(jīn )色(sè )。”

清(qīng )黄(huáng )宗(zōng )羲(xī )《小(xiǎo )园(yuán )记(jì )》：“买(mǎi )瓦(wǎ )盆(pén )百(bǎi )馀(yú )，以(yǐ )植(zhí )草(cǎo )花(huā )：水(shuǐ )僊(xiān )、艾(ài )人(rén )、芳(fāng )洲(zhōu )、洛(luò )阳(yáng )、茉(mò )莉(lì )。”

清(qīng )沉(chén )覆(fù )《浮(fú )生(shēng )六(liù )记(jì )·闲(xián )情(qíng )记(jì )趣(qù )》：“种(zhǒng )水(shuǐ )仙(xiān )无(wú )灵(líng )璧(bì )石(shí )，余(yú )尝(cháng )以(yǐ )炭(tàn )之(zhī )有(yǒu )石(shí )意(yì )者(zhě )代(dài )之(zhī )。”

冰(bīng )心(xīn )《住(zhù )事(shì )·别(bié )后(hòu )》：“﹝一(yī )个(gè )女(nǚ )子(zǐ )﹞正(zhèng )低(dī )头(tóu )画(huà )那(nà )钢(gāng )琴(qín )上(shàng )摆(bǎi )着(zhe )的(de )一(yī )盆(pén )水(shuǐ )仙(xiān )。”参(cān )阅(yuè )明(míng )李(lǐ )时(shí )珍(zhēn )《本(běn )草(cǎo )纲(gāng )目(mù )·草(cǎo )二(èr )·水(shuǐ )仙(xiān )》。

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