觚不觚
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比(bǐ )喻(yù )事(shì )物(wù )名(míng )实(shí )不(bú )符(fú )。语(yǔ )出(chū )《论(lùn )语(yǔ )·雍(yōng )也(yě )》:“子(zǐ )曰(yuē ):‘觚(gū )不(bú )觚(gū ),觚(gū )哉(zāi )!觚(gū )哉(zāi )!’”何(hé )晏(yàn )集(jí )解(jiě ):“以(yǐ )喻(yù )为(wéi )政(zhèng )不(bú )得(dé )其(qí )道(dào ),则(zé )不(bú )成(chéng )。”
朱(zhū )熹(xī )集(jí )注(zhù ):“觚(gū ),棱(léng )也(yě );或(huò )曰(yuē )酒(jiǔ )器(qì ),或(huò )曰(yuē )木(mù )简(jiǎn ),皆(jiē )器(qì )之(zhī )有(yǒu )棱(léng )者(zhě )也(yě )。不(bú )觚(gū )者(zhě ),盖(gài )当(dāng )时(shí )失(shī )其(qí )制(zhì )而(ér )不(bú )为(wéi )棱(léng )也(yě )。觚(gū )哉(zāi ):觚(gū )哉(zāi )!言(yán )不(bú )得(dé )为(wéi )觚(gū )也(yě )。”
清(qīng )俞(yú )正(zhèng )燮(xiè )《癸(guǐ )巳(sì )类(lèi )稿(gǎo )·四(sì )分(fèn )论(lùn )》:“《续(xù )汉(hàn )志(zhì )》云(yún ):‘在(zài )天(tiān )成(chéng )度(dù ),在(zài )宪(xiàn )成(chéng )日(rì ),凡(fán )三(sān )百(bǎi )六(liù )十(shí )五(wǔ )日(rì )小(xiǎo )馀(yú )不(bú )及(jí )四(sì )分(fèn )日(rì )之(zhī )一(yī ),则(zé )减(jiǎn )四(sì )分(fèn )也(yě )。’是(shì )古(gǔ )人(rén )命(mìng )度(dù )未(wèi )有(yǒu )觚(gū )不(bú )觚(gū ),不(bú )依(yī )日(rì )而(ér )散(sàn )分(fèn )于(yú )各(gè )宿(xiǔ )者(zhě )。”
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