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1.北(běi )方(fāng )之(zhī )地(dì )。

《书(shū )·尧(yáo )典(diǎn )》：“申(shēn )命(mìng )和(hé )叔(shū )宅(zhái )朔(shuò )方(fāng )，曰(yuē )幽(yōu )都(dōu )。”

孔(kǒng )传(chuán )：“北(běi )称(chēng )幽(yōu )，则(zé )南(nán )称(chēng )明(míng )，从(cóng )可(kě )知(zhī )也(yě )。都(dōu )，谓(wèi )所(suǒ )聚(jù )也(yě )。”

蔡(cài )沉(chén )集(jí )传(chuán )：“朔(shuò )方(fāng )，北(běi )荒(huāng )之(zhī )地(dì )……日(rì )行(háng )至(zhì )是(shì )，则(zé )沦(lún )于(yú )地(dì )中(zhōng )，万(wàn )象(xiàng )幽(yōu )暗(àn )，故(gù )曰(yuē )幽(yōu )都(dōu )。”

《淮(huái )南(nán )子(zǐ )·修(xiū )务(wù )训(xùn )》：“北(běi )抚(fǔ )幽(yōu )都(dōu )，南(nán )道(dào )交(jiāo )趾(zhǐ )。”

高(gāo )诱(yòu )注(zhù )：“阴(yīn )气(qì )所(suǒ )聚(jù )，故(gù )曰(yuē )幽(yōu )都(dōu )，今(jīn )雁(yàn )门(mén )以(yǐ )北(běi )是(shì )。”

《汉(hàn )书(shū )·扬(yáng )雄(xióng )传(chuán )下(xià )》：“夫(fū )天(tiān )兵(bīng )四(sì )临(lín )，幽(yōu )都(dōu )先(xiān )加(jiā )，回(huí )戈(gē )邪(xié )指(zhǐ )，南(nán )越(yuè )相(xiàng )夷(yí )。”

颜(yán )师(shī )古(gǔ )注(zhù )：“幽(yōu )都(dōu )，北(běi )方(fāng )，谓(wèi )匈(xiōng )奴(nú )。”

2.谓(wèi )阴(yīn )间(jiān )都(dōu )府(fǔ )。

《楚(chǔ )辞(cí )·招(zhāo )魂(hún )》：“魂(hún )兮(xī )归(guī )来(lái )，君(jūn )无(wú )下(xià )此(cǐ )幽(yōu )都(dōu )些(xiē )。”

王(wáng )逸(yì )注(zhù )：“幽(yōu )都(dōu )，地(dì )下(xià )后(hòu )土(tǔ )所(suǒ )治(zhì )也(yě )。地(dì )下(xià )幽(yōu )冥(míng )，故(gù )称(chēng )幽(yōu )都(dōu )。”

宋(sòng )文(wén )莹(yíng )《玉(yù )壶(hú )清(qīng )话(huà )》卷(juàn )六(liù )：“上(shàng )清(qīng )道(dào )录(lù )姜(jiāng )道(dào )元(yuán )为(wéi )公(gōng )叩(kòu )幽(yōu )都(dōu )，乞(qǐ )神(shén )语(yǔ )。”

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