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I

谓(wèi )内(nèi )容(róng )空(kōng )洞(dòng )。

范(fàn )文(wén )澜(lán )蔡(cài )美(měi )彪(biāo )等(děng )《中(zhōng )国(guó )通(tōng )史(shǐ )》第(dì )二(èr )编(biān )第(dì )五(wǔ )章(zhāng )第(dì )三(sān )节(jiē )：“用(yòng )事(shì )务(wù )求(qiú )繁(fán )富(fù )，对(duì )偶(ǒu )务(wù )求(qiú )工(gōng )整(zhěng )，声(shēng )律(lǜ )务(wù )求(qiú )和(hé )谐(xié )，说(shuō )到(dào )内(nèi )容(róng )则(zé )几(jǐ )乎(hū )是(shì )空(kōng )乏(fá )或(huò )者(zhě )是(shì )污(wū )秽(huì )。”

II

1.困(kùn )穷(qióng )；贫(pín )穷(qióng )。

《孟(mèng )子(zǐ )·告(gào )子(zǐ )下(xià )》：“故(gù )天(tiān )将(jiāng )降(jiàng )大(dà )任(rèn )于(yú )是(shì )人(rén )也(yě )，必(bì )先(xiān )苦(kǔ )其(qí )心(xīn )志(zhì )，劳(láo )其(qí )筋(jīn )骨(gǔ )，饿(è )其(qí )体(tǐ )肤(fū )，空(kōng )乏(fá )其(qí )身(shēn )。”

赵(zhào )岐(qí )注(zhù )：“使(shǐ )其(qí )身(shēn )乏(fá )资(zī )绝(jué )粮(liáng )。”

《后(hòu )汉(hàn )书(shū )·杜(dù )诗(shī )传(chuán )》：“空(kōng )乏(fá )之(zhī )閒(jiān )，超(chāo )受(shòu )大(dà )恩(ēn )。”

明(míng )唐(táng )顺(shùn )之(zhī )《莆(pú )田(tián )林(lín )氏(shì )先(xiān )墓(mù )表(biǎo )》：“嗟(jiē )乎(hū )！华(huá )不(bú )幸(xìng )十(shí )三(sān )而(ér )丧(sàng )吾(wú )大(dà )父(fù )，十(shí )七(qī )而(ér )丧(sàng )吾(wú )母(mǔ )，二(èr )十(shí )而(ér )丧(sàng )吾(wú )父(fù )，空(kōng )乏(fá )颠(diān )沛(pèi )不(bú )能(néng )存(cún )。”

《清(qīng )史(shǐ )稿(gǎo )·怡(yí )贤(xián )亲(qīn )王(wáng )允(yǔn )祥(xiáng )传(chuán )》：“怡(yí )亲(qīn )王(wáng )于(yú )皇(huáng )考(kǎo )时(shí )敬(jìng )谨(jǐn )廉(lián )洁(jié )，家(jiā )计(jì )空(kōng )乏(fá )，举(jǔ )国(guó )皆(jiē )知(zhī )。”

2.引(yǐn )申(shēn )为(wéi )空(kōng )缺(quē )、缺(quē )额(é )。

清(qīng )刘(liú )大(dà )櫆(kuí )《焚(fén )书(shū )辨(biàn )》：“高(gāo )祖(zǔ )败(bài )而(ér )遁(dùn )逃(táo )，亡(wáng )军(jūn )失(shī )众(zhòng )，而(ér )萧(xiāo )何(hé )悉(xī )发(fā )关(guān )中(zhōng )老(lǎo )弱(ruò )，补(bǔ )其(qí )空(kōng )乏(fá )。”

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