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“尸(shī )”是(shì )神(shén )像(xiàng )。古(gǔ )代(dài )祭(jì )祀(sì )时(shí )，用(yòng )臣(chén )下(xià )或(huò )死(sǐ )者(zhě )的(de )晚(wǎn )辈(bèi )代(dài )死(sǐ )者(zhě )受(shòu )祭(jì )，象(xiàng )徵(zhēng )死(sǐ )者(zhě )神(shén )灵(líng )，称(chēng )为(wéi )“用(yòng )尸(shī )”。

《礼(lǐ )记(jì )·曾(céng )子(zǐ )问(wèn )》：“孔(kǒng )子(zǐ )曰(yuē )：‘祭(jì )成(chéng )丧(sàng )者(zhě )必(bì )有(yǒu )尸(shī )。尸(shī )必(bì )以(yǐ )孙(sūn )，孙(sūn )幼(yòu )则(zé )使(shǐ )人(rén )抱(bào )之(zhī )。’”孔(kǒng )颖(yǐng )达(dá )疏(shū )：“以(yǐ )成(chéng )人(rén )之(zhī )丧(sàng )威(wēi )仪(yí )具(jù )备(bèi )，必(bì )须(xū )有(yǒu )尸(shī )以(yǐ )象(xiàng )神(shén )之(zhī )威(wēi )仪(yí )也(yě )。”

《公(gōng )羊(yáng )传(chuán )·宣(xuān )公(gōng )八(bā )年(nián )》“犹(yóu )绎(yì )，万(wàn )入(rù )，去(qù )籥(yào )”汉(hàn )何(hé )休(xiū )注(zhù )：“祭(jì )必(bì )有(yǒu )尸(shī )者(zhě )，节(jiē )神(shén )也(yě )。礼(lǐ )，天(tiān )子(zǐ )以(yǐ )卿(qīng )为(wéi )尸(shī )，诸(zhū )侯(hóu )以(yǐ )大(dà )夫(fū )为(wéi )尸(shī )，卿(qīng )大(dà )夫(fū )以(yǐ )下(xià )以(yǐ )孙(sūn )为(wéi )尸(shī )。”

清(qīng )梁(liáng )章(zhāng )钜(jù )《退(tuì )庵(ān )随(suí )笔(bǐ )·家(jiā )礼(lǐ )一(yī )》：“古(gǔ )人(rén )祭(jì )用(yòng )尸(shī )，今(jīn )无(wú )此(cǐ )礼(lǐ )，然(rán )礼(lǐ )意(yì )则(zé )不(bú )可(kě )不(bú )知(zhī )。”

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●用尸（简体版）