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1.区(qū )域(yù )、范(fàn )围(wéi )之(zhī )外(wài )。方(fāng )位(wèi )之(zhī )外(wài )。

《管(guǎn )子(zǐ )·幼(yòu )官(guān )》：“和(hé )好(hǎo )不(bú )基(jī )，贵(guì )贱(jiàn )无(wú )司(sī )，事(shì )变(biàn )日(rì )至(zhì )，此(cǐ )居(jū )于(yú )图(tú )东(dōng )方(fāng )方(fāng )外(wài )。”

2.域(yù )外(wài )；边(biān )远(yuǎn )地(dì )区(qū )。

《史(shǐ )记(jì )·三(sān )王(wáng )世(shì )家(jiā )》：“远(yuǎn )方(fāng )殊(shū )俗(sú )，重(zhòng )译(yì )而(ér )朝(cháo )，泽(zé )及(jí )方(fāng )外(wài )。”

《魏(wèi )书(shū )·程(chéng )骏(jùn )传(chuán )》：“今(jīn )天(tiān )下(xià )虽(suī )谧(mì )，方(fāng )外(wài )犹(yóu )虞(yú )。”

3.京(jīng )畿(jī )之(zhī )外(wài )。

南(nán )朝(cháo )梁(liáng )陆(lù )倕(zhuì )《石(shí )阙(què )铭(míng )》：“布(bù )教(jiāo )都(dōu )畿(jī )，班(bān )政(zhèng )方(fāng )外(wài )。”

宋(sòng )魏(wèi )泰(tài )《东(dōng )轩(xuān )笔(bǐ )录(lù )》卷(juàn )八(bā )：“明(míng )肃(sù )太(tài )后(hòu )临(lín )朝(cháo )，一(yī )日(rì )问(wèn )宰(zǎi )相(xiàng )曰(yuē )：‘福(fú )州(zhōu )陈(chén )绛(jiàng )，赃(zāng )污(wū )狼(láng )藉(jiè )，卿(qīng )等(děng )闻(wén )否(fǒu )？’王(wáng )沂(yí )公(gōng )对(duì )曰(yuē )：‘亦(yì )颇(pō )闻(wén )之(zhī )。’太(tài )后(hòu )曰(yuē )：‘既(jì )闻(wén )而(ér )不(bú )劾(hé )，何(hé )也(yě )？’沂(yí )公(gōng )曰(yuē )：‘方(fāng )外(wài )之(zhī )事(shì )，须(xū )本(běn )路(lù )监(jiān )司(sī )发(fā )擿(tī )。’”

4.世(shì )俗(sú )礼(lǐ )法(fǎ )之(zhī )外(wài )。

《文(wén )子(zǐ )·精(jīng )诚(chéng )》：“老(lǎo )子(zǐ )曰(yuē )：‘若(ruò )夫(fū )圣(shèng )人(rén )之(zhī )游(yóu )也(yě )，即(jí )动(dòng )乎(hū )至(zhì )虚(xū )，游(yóu )心(xīn )乎(hū )太(tài )无(wú )，驰(chí )于(yú )方(fāng )外(wài )……不(bú )拘(jū )于(yú )世(shì )，不(bú )繫(jì )于(yú )俗(sú )。’”三(sān )国(guó )魏(wèi )曹(cáo )植(zhí )《七(qī )启(qǐ )》：“俯(fǔ )倚(yǐ )金(jīn )较(jiào )，仰(yǎng )抚(fǔ )翠(cuì )盖(gài )。雍(yōng )容(róng )暇(xiá )豫(yù )，娱(yú )志(zhì )方(fāng )外(wài )。”

南(nán )朝(cháo )宋(sòng )刘(liú )义(yì )庆(qìng )《世(shì )说(shuō )新(xīn )语(yǔ )·任(rèn )诞(dàn )》：“阮(ruǎn )（阮(ruǎn )籍(jí )）方(fāng )外(wài )之(zhī )人(rén )，故(gù )不(bú )崇(chóng )礼(lǐ )制(zhì )；我(wǒ )辈(bèi )俗(sú )中(zhōng )人(rén )，故(gù )以(yǐ )仪(yí )轨(guǐ )自(zì )居(jū )。”

宋(sòng )陆(lù )游(yóu )《白(bái )髮(fà )》诗(shī )：“平(píng )昔(xī )乐(lè )方(fāng )外(wài )，固(gù )与(yǔ )功(gōng )名(míng )疏(shū )。”

5.世(shì )外(wài )。指(zhǐ )仙(xiān )境(jìng )或(huò )僧(sēng )道(dào )的(de )生(shēng )活(huó )环(huán )境(jìng )。

《楚(chǔ )辞(cí )·远(yuǎn )游(yóu )》：“览(lǎn )方(fāng )外(wài )之(zhī )荒(huāng )忽(hū )兮(xī )，沛(pèi )罔(wǎng )象(xiàng )而(ér )自(zì )浮(fú )。”

《淮(huái )南(nán )子(zǐ )·俶(chù )真(zhēn )训(xùn )》：“﹝真(zhēn )人(rén )﹞骑(qí )蜚(fēi )廉(lián )而(ér )从(cóng )敦(dūn )圄(yǔ )，驰(chí )于(yú )方(fāng )外(wài )，休(xiū )乎(hū )宇(yǔ )内(nèi )。”

唐(táng )权(quán )德(dé )舆(yú )《卧(wò )病(bìng )喜(xǐ )惠(huì )上(shàng )人(rén )李(lǐ )炼(liàn )师(shī )茅(máo )处(chù )士(shì )见(jiàn )访(fǎng )》诗(shī )：“方(fāng )外(wài )三(sān )贤(xián )人(rén )，惠(huì )然(rán )来(lái )相(xiàng )亲(qīn )。”

明(míng )陈(chén )汝(rǔ )元(yuán )《金(jīn )莲(lián )记(jì )·湖(hú )赏(shǎng )》：“妾(qiè )身(shēn )拟(nǐ )入(rù )空(kōng )门(mén )，顿(dùn )把(bǎ )红(hóng )妆(zhuāng )净(jìng )洗(xǐ )……敢(gǎn )进(jìn )斝(jiǎ )于(yú )舟(zhōu )中(zhōng )，愿(yuàn )缔(dì )盟(méng )于(yú )方(fāng )外(wài )。”

6.指(zhǐ )方(fāng )外(wài )之(zhī )人(rén )。

宋(sòng )钱(qián )易(yì )《南(nán )部(bù )新(xīn )书(shū )》乙(yǐ )：“顾(gù )况(kuàng )志(zhì )尚(shàng )疏(shū )逸(yì )，近(jìn )于(yú )方(fāng )外(wài )。”

清(qīng )黄(huáng )钧(jūn )宰(zǎi )《金(jīn )壶(hú )浪(làng )墨(mò )·南(nán )巡(xún )盛(shèng )典(diǎn )》：“学(xué )士(shì )文(wén )人(rén )、布(bù )衣(yī )方(fāng )外(wài )之(zhī )属(shǔ )，进(jìn )书(shū )献(xiàn )画(huà )，望(wàng )泽(zé )希(xī )荣(róng )。”

7.使(shǐ )身(shēn )外(wài )事(shì )物(wù )合(hé )乎(hū )规(guī )范(fàn )。

《易(yì )·坤(kūn )》：“君(jūn )子(zǐ )敬(jìng )以(yǐ )直(zhí )内(nèi )，义(yì )以(yǐ )方(fāng )外(wài )。”

孔(kǒng )颖(yǐng )达(dá )疏(shū )：“‘义(yì )以(yǐ )方(fāng )外(wài )’者(zhě )，用(yòng )此(cǐ )义(yì )事(shì )以(yǐ )方(fāng )正(zhèng )外(wài )物(wù )。”

明(míng )王(wáng )守(shǒu )仁(rén )《传(chuán )习(xí )录(lù )》卷(juàn )上(shàng )：“名(míng )虽(suī )不(bú )同(tóng )，功(gōng )夫(fū )只(zhī )是(shì )一(yī )事(shì )，就(jiù )如(rú )《易(yì )》言(yán )：‘敬(jìng )以(yǐ )直(zhí )内(nèi )，义(yì )以(yǐ )方(fāng )外(wài )。’”

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