方社
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指(zhǐ )四(sì )方(fāng )之(zhī )神(shén )和(hé )土(tǔ )地(dì )神(shén )。
《诗(shī )·大(dà )雅(yǎ )·云(yún )汉(hàn )》:“祈(qí )年(nián )孔(kǒng )夙(sù ),方(fāng )社(shè )不(bú )莫(mò )。”
郑(zhèng )玄(xuán )笺(jiān ):“我(wǒ )祈(qí )丰(fēng )年(nián )甚(shèn )早(zǎo ),祭(jì )四(sì )方(fāng )与(yǔ )社(shè )又(yòu )不(bú )晚(wǎn )。”
唐(táng )刘(liú )禹(yǔ )锡(xī )《奏(zòu )记(jì )丞(chéng )相(xiàng )府(fǔ )论(lùn )学(xué )事(shì )》:“至(zhì )二(èr )十(shí )年(nián ),许(xǔ )敬(jìng )宗(zōng )等(děng )奏(zòu ),乃(nǎi )遣(qiǎn )天(tiān )下(xià )诸(zhū )州(zhōu )县(xiàn )置(zhì )三(sān )献(xiàn )官(guān ),其(qí )他(tā )如(rú )方(fāng )社(shè )。”
明(míng )张(zhāng )居(jū )正(zhèng )《贺(hè )灵(líng )雨(yǔ )表(biǎo )》之(zhī )三(sān ):“圣(shèng )主(zhǔ )对(duì )时(shí ),因(yīn )切(qiē )民(mín )天(tiān )之(zhī )恤(xù );帝(dì )宫(gōng )肇(zhào )祀(sì ),用(yòng )昭(zhāo )方(fāng )社(shè )之(zhī )祈(qí )。”
清(qīng )魏(wèi )源(yuán )《默(mò )觚(gū )上(shàng )·学(xué )篇(piān )十(shí )四(sì )》:“其(qí )次(cì )者(zhě ),犹(yóu )祀(sì )于(yú )瞽(gǔ )宗(zōng )、方(fāng )社(shè )、四(sì )岳(yuè ),各(gè )如(rú )其(qí )德(dé )业(yè )之(zhī )大(dà )小(xiǎo )为(wéi )秩(zhì )之(zhī )尊(zūn )卑(bēi ),地(dì )祇(qí )与(yǔ )天(tiān )神(shén )相(xiàng )升(shēng )降(jiàng )焉(yān )。”
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