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(乌(wū )桓(huán )，乌(wū )桓(huán ))

亦(yì )作(zuò )“乌(wū )丸(wán )”。

古(gǔ )时(shí )北(běi )方(fāng )少(shǎo )数(shù )民(mín )族(zú )名(míng )。原(yuán )是(shì )东(dōng )胡(hú )族(zú )的(de )一(yī )支(zhī )，西(xī )汉(hàn )初(chū )被(bèi )匈(xiōng )奴(nú )击(jī )败(bài )，迁(qiān )移(yí )到(dào )乌(wū )桓(huán )山(shān )，因(yīn )以(yǐ )为(wéi )名(míng )。

汉(hàn )建(jiàn )安(ān )十(shí )二(èr )年(nián )曹(cáo )操(cāo )破(pò )乌(wū )桓(huán )，徙(xǐ )万(wàn )馀(yú )落(luò )至(zhì )中(zhōng )原(yuán )，其(qí )势(shì )遂(suí )衰(shuāi )。见(jiàn )《汉(hàn )书(shū )·匈(xiōng )奴(nú )传(chuán )下(xià )》、《后(hòu )汉(hàn )书(shū )·乌(wū )桓(huán )传(chuán )》。后(hòu )世(shì )诗(shī )文(wén )中(zhōng )亦(yì )泛(fàn )指(zhǐ )北(běi )方(fāng )少(shǎo )数(shù )民(mín )族(zú )或(huò )其(qí )居(jū )住(zhù )地(dì )。

南(nán )朝(cháo )陈(chén )徐(xú )陵(líng )《武(wǔ )皇(huáng )帝(dì )作(zuò )相(xiàng )时(shí )与(yǔ )北(běi )齐(qí )广(guǎng )稜(léng )城(chéng )主(zhǔ )书(shū )》：“庸(yōng )、蜀(shǔ )、氐(dī )、羌(qiāng )之(zhī )兵(bīng )，乌(wū )丸(wán )百(bǎi )虏(lǔ )之(zhī )骑(qí )，以(yǐ )此(cǐ )众(zhòng )战(zhàn )，谁(shuí )能(néng )御(yù )之(zhī )？”元(yuán )张(zhāng )昱(yù )《白(bái )翎(líng )雀(què )歌(gē )》：“乌(wū )桓(huán )城(chéng )下(xià )白(bái )翎(líng )雀(què )，雄(xióng )鸣(míng )雌(cí )随(suí )求(qiú )饮(yǐn )啄(zhuó )。”

明(míng )王(wáng )清(qīng )《塞(sāi )上(shàng )感(gǎn )怀(huái )》诗(shī )：“梦(mèng )回(huí )绝(jué )域(yù )乌(wū )桓(huán )地(dì )，战(zhàn )罢(bà )空(kōng )山(shān )敕(chì )勒(lè )营(yíng )。”

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●乌桓（简体版）