小鼓
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1.乐(lè )器(qì )名(míng )。民(mín )族(zú )乐(lè )器(qì )。为(wéi )羯(jié )皮(pí )鼓(gǔ )之(zhī )变(biàn )製(zhì ),又(yòu )称(chēng )“单(dān )皮(pí )鼓(gǔ )”、“板(bǎn )鼓(gǔ )”。以(yǐ )其(qí )发(fā )声(shēng )清(qīng )脆(cuì ),故(gù )俗(sú )称(chēng )“脆(cuì )鼓(gǔ )”、“崩(bēng )子(zǐ )鼓(gǔ )”。演(yǎn )奏(zòu )时(shí )以(yǐ )单(dān )签(qiān )或(huò )双(shuāng )签(qiān )敲(qiāo )击(jī )鼓(gǔ )心(xīn ),为(wéi )歌(gē )唱(chàng )、戏(xì )曲(qǔ )和(hé )民(mín )间(jiān )吹(chuī )打(dǎ )乐(lè )中(zhōng )点(diǎn )拍(pāi )节(jiē )奏(zòu )之(zhī )用(yòng )。
《宋(sòng )书(shū )·乐(lè )志(zhì )一(yī )》:“孝(xiào )王(wáng )(梁(liáng )孝(xiào )王(wáng ))筑(zhù )睢(suī )阳(yáng )城(chéng ),方(fāng )十(shí )二(èr )里(lǐ ),造(zào )倡(chàng )声(shēng ),以(yǐ )小(xiǎo )鼓(gǔ )为(wéi )节(jiē ),筑(zhù )者(zhě )下(xià )杵(chǔ )和(hé )之(zhī )。”
2.西(xī )洋(yáng )乐(lè )器(qì )。亦(yì )称(chēng )“小(xiǎo )军(jūn )鼓(gǔ )”。演(yǎn )奏(zòu )时(shí )以(yǐ )两(liǎng )根(gēn )木(mù )槌(chuí )敲(qiāo )击(jī )鼓(gǔ )面(miàn )发(fā )音(yīn ),为(wéi )军(jūn )乐(lè )、管(guǎn )弦(xián )乐(lè )中(zhōng )点(diǎn )拍(pāi )节(jiē )奏(zòu )或(huò )和(hé )声(shēng )之(zhī )用(yòng )。
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