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1.谓(wèi )境(jìng )遇(yù )之(zhī )顺(shùn )逆(nì )。

《易(yì )·节(jiē )》：“不(bú )出(chū )户(hù )庭(tíng )，知(zhī )通(tōng )塞(sāi )也(yě )。”

晋(jìn )潘(pān )岳(yuè )《西(xī )征(zhēng )赋(fù )》：“生(shēng )有(yǒu )脩(yǒu )短(duǎn )之(zhī )命(mìng )，位(wèi )有(yǒu )通(tōng )塞(sāi )之(zhī )遇(yù )。”

唐(táng )李(lǐ )商(shāng )隐(yǐn )《酬(chóu )别(bié )令(lìng )狐(hú )补(bǔ )阙(què )》诗(shī )：“人(rén )生(shēng )有(yǒu )通(tōng )塞(sāi )，公(gōng )等(děng )繫(jì )安(ān )危(wēi )。”

《剪(jiǎn )灯(dēng )新(xīn )话(huà )·富(fù )贵(guì )发(fā )迹(jì )司(sī )志(zhì )》：“小(xiǎo )而(ér )一(yī )身(shēn )之(zhī )荣(róng )悴(cuì )通(tōng )塞(sāi )，大(dà )而(ér )一(yī )国(guó )之(zhī )兴(xìng )衰(shuāi )治(zhì )乱(luàn )。”

2.通(tōng )畅(chàng )与(yǔ )阻(zǔ )塞(sāi )。

唐(táng )杜(dù )甫(fǔ )《归(guī )梦(mèng )》诗(shī )：“道(dào )路(lù )时(shí )通(tōng )塞(sāi )，江(jiāng )山(shān )日(rì )寂(jì )寥(liáo )。”

宋(sòng )苏(sū )轼(shì )《与(yǔ )王(wáng )敏(mǐn )仲(zhòng )》之(zhī )十(shí )五(wǔ )：“闻(wén )遂(suí )作(zuò )管(guǎn )引(yǐn )蒲(pú )涧(jiàn )水(shuǐ )甚(shèn )善(shàn )。每(měi )竿(gān )上(shàng )，须(xū )鑽(zuàn )一(yī )小(xiǎo )眼(yǎn )，如(rú )菉(lù )豆(dòu )大(dà )，以(yǐ )小(xiǎo )竹(zhú )针(zhēn )窒(zhì )之(zhī )，以(yǐ )验(yàn )通(tōng )塞(sāi )。”

3.指(zhǐ )诗(shī )文(wén )的(de )通(tōng )顺(shùn )与(yǔ )艰(jiān )涩(sè )。

明(míng )谢(xiè )榛(zhēn )《四(sì )溟(míng )诗(shī )话(huà )》卷(juàn )四(sì )：“诗(shī )用(yòng )虚(xū )活(huó )字(zì )，时(shí )有(yǒu )难(nán )易(yì )；易(yì )若(ruò )剖(pōu )蚌(bàng )得(dé )珠(zhū )，难(nán )如(rú )破(pò )石(shí )求(qiú )玉(yù )，且(qiě )工(gōng )且(qiě )易(yì )，愈(yù )苦(kǔ )愈(yù )难(nán )，此(cǐ )通(tōng )塞(sāi )不(bú )同(tóng )故(gù )也(yě )。”

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●通塞（简体版）