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(否(fǒu )则(zé )，否(fǒu )则(zé ))

1.古(gǔ )汉(hàn )语(yǔ )连(lián )词(cí )性(xìng )结(jié )构(gòu )。用(yòng )以(yǐ )表(biǎo )示(shì )否(fǒu )定(dìng )性(xìng )假(jiǎ )设(shè )。“否(fǒu )”，不(bú )，代(dài )表(biǎo )一(yī )个(gè )假(jiǎ )设(shè )性(xìng )小(xiǎo )句(jù )，相(xiàng )当(dāng )于(yú )“如(rú )果(guǒ )不(bú )这(zhè )样(yàng )”。“则(zé )”，就(jiù )，引(yǐn )出(chū )后(hòu )果(guǒ )或(huò )结(jié )论(lùn )，相(xiàng )当(dāng )于(yú )“那(nà )么(me )”。

《书(shū )·益(yì )稷(jì )》：“格(gé )则(zé )承(chéng )之(zhī )庸(yōng )之(zhī )，否(fǒu )则(zé )威(wēi )之(zhī )。”

孔(kǒng )传(chuán )：“不(bú )从(cóng )教(jiāo )则(zé )以(yǐ )刑(xíng )威(wēi )之(zhī )。”

《左(zuǒ )传(chuán )·襄(xiāng )公(gōng )二(èr )十(shí )六(liù )年(nián )》：“义(yì )则(zé )进(jìn )，否(fǒu )则(zé )奉(fèng )身(shēn )而(ér )退(tuì )。”

《后(hòu )汉(hàn )书(shū )·马(mǎ )援(yuán )传(chuán )》：“凡(fán )殖(zhí )货(huò )财(cái )产(chǎn )，贵(guì )其(qí )能(néng )施(shī )赈(zhèn )也(yě )，否(fǒu )则(zé )守(shǒu )钱(qián )虏(lǔ )耳(ěr )。”

2.现(xiàn )代(dài )汉(hàn )语(yǔ )连(lián )词(cí )。“如(rú )果(guǒ )不(bú )这(zhè )样(yàng )”的(de )意(yì )思(sī )。表(biǎo )示(shì )如(rú )果(guǒ )不(bú )是(shì )上(shàng )文(wén )所(suǒ )说(shuō )的(de )情(qíng )况(kuàng )，就(jiù )产(chǎn )生(shēng )或(huò )可(kě )能(néng )产(chǎn )生(shēng )下(xià )文(wén )所(suǒ )说(shuō )的(de )情(qíng )况(kuàng )或(huò )结(jié )果(guǒ )。

毛(máo )泽(zé )东(dōng )《实(shí )践(jiàn )论(lùn )》：“理(lǐ )性(xìng )的(de )东(dōng )西(xī )所(suǒ )以(yǐ )靠(kào )得(dé )住(zhù )，正(zhèng )是(shì )由(yóu )于(yú )它(tā )来(lái )源(yuán )于(yú )感(gǎn )性(xìng )，否(fǒu )则(zé )理(lǐ )性(xìng )的(de )东(dōng )西(xī )就(jiù )成(chéng )了(le )无(wú )源(yuán )之(zhī )水(shuǐ )，无(wú )本(běn )之(zhī )木(mù )。”

冯(féng )雪(xuě )峰(fēng )《＜上(shàng )饶(ráo )集(jí )中(zhōng )营(yíng )＞序(xù )》：“我(wǒ )并(bìng )没(méi )有(yǒu )真(zhēn )正(zhèng )地(dì )学(xué )习(xí )到(dào )它(tā )。否(fǒu )则(zé )，这(zhè )作(zuò )品(pǐn )还(hái )可(kě )以(yǐ )成(chéng )为(wéi )在(zài )思(sī )想(xiǎng )上(shàng )更(gèng )能(néng )反(fǎn )映(yìng )真(zhēn )实(shí )，在(zài )艺(yì )术(shù )上(shàng )也(yě )将(jiāng )更(gèng )完(wán )整(zhěng )和(hé )优(yōu )美(měi )的(de )作(zuò )品(pǐn )。”

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