五厄
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指(zhǐ )书(shū )籍(jí )被(bèi )焚(fén )毁(huǐ )的(de )五(wǔ )次(cì )厄(è )运(yùn )。即(jí ):秦(qín )始(shǐ )皇(huáng )下(xià )令(lìng )焚(fén )书(shū ),坟(fén )籍(jí )扫(sǎo )地(dì )皆(jiē )尽(jìn ),此(cǐ )为(wéi )第(dì )一(yī )厄(è );王(wáng )莽(mǎng )末(mò )年(nián ),长(zhǎng )安(ān )兵(bīng )起(qǐ ),宫(gōng )室(shì )图(tú )书(shū ),并(bìng )从(cóng )焚(fén )烬(jìn ),此(cǐ )为(wéi )第(dì )二(èr )厄(è );汉(hàn )献(xiàn )帝(dì )移(yí )都(dōu )时(shí ),吏(lì )民(mín )扰(rǎo )乱(luàn ),图(tú )书(shū )缣(jiān )帛(bó ),皆(jiē )取(qǔ )为(wéi )帷(wéi )囊(náng ),此(cǐ )为(wéi )第(dì )三(sān )厄(è );刘(liú )曜(yào )、石(shí )勒(lè )覆(fù )灭(miè )京(jīng )华(huá ),朝(cháo )章(zhāng )国(guó )典(diǎn ),从(cóng )而(ér )失(shī )坠(zhuì ),此(cǐ )为(wéi )第(dì )四(sì )厄(è );周(zhōu )师(shī )入(rù )郢(yǐng ),梁(liáng )萧(xiāo )绎(yì )悉(xī )焚(fén )典(diǎn )籍(jí )于(yú )外(wài )城(chéng ),此(cǐ )为(wéi )第(dì )五(wǔ )厄(è )。见(jiàn )《隋(suí )书(shū )·牛(niú )弘(hóng )传(chuán )》。
宋(sòng )周(zhōu )密(mì )《齐(qí )东(dōng )野(yě )语(yǔ )·书(shū )籍(jí )之(zhī )厄(è )》:“世(shì )间(jiān )凡(fán )物(wù )未(wèi )有(yǒu )聚(jù )而(ér )不(bú )散(sàn )者(zhě ),而(ér )书(shū )为(wéi )甚(shèn )。
隋(suí )牛(niú )弘(hóng )靖(jìng )请(qǐng )开(kāi )献(xiàn )书(shū )之(zhī )路(lù ),极(jí )论(lùn )废(fèi )兴(xìng ),述(shù )五(wǔ )厄(è )之(zhī )说(shuō ),则(zé )书(shū )之(zhī )厄(è )也(yě )久(jiǔ )矣(yǐ )。”
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