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春(chūn )秋(qiū )时(shí )鲁(lǔ )国(guó )大(dà )夫(fū )孟(mèng )孙(sūn )(仲(zhòng )孙(sūn ))、叔(shū )孙(sūn )、季(jì )孙(sūn )都(dōu )是(shì )鲁(lǔ )桓(huán )公(gōng )的(de )后(hòu )代(dài )，故(gù )称(chēng )“三(sān )桓(huán )”。

文(wén )公(gōng )死(sǐ )后(hòu )，三(sān )桓(huán )势(shì )力(lì )日(rì )强(qiáng )，分(fèn )领(lǐng )三(sān )军(jūn )，实(shí )际(jì )掌(zhǎng )握(wò )了(le )鲁(lǔ )国(guó )的(de )政(zhèng )权(quán )。

《左(zuǒ )传(chuán )·哀(āi )公(gōng )二(èr )十(shí )七(qī )年(nián )》：“公(gōng )患(huàn )三(sān )桓(huán )之(zhī )侈(chǐ )也(yě )，欲(yù )以(yǐ )诸(zhū )侯(hóu )去(qù )之(zhī )；三(sān )桓(huán )亦(yì )患(huàn )公(gōng )之(zhī )妄(wàng )也(yě )，故(gù )君(jūn )臣(chén )多(duō )间(jiān )。”

唐(táng )刘(liú )知(zhī )几(jǐ )《史(shǐ )通(tōng )·辨(biàn )职(zhí )》：“昔(xī )鲁(lǔ )叟(sǒu )之(zhī )修(xiū )《春(chūn )秋(qiū )》也(yě )，不(bú )藉(jiè )三(sān )桓(huán )之(zhī )势(shì )；汉(hàn )臣(chén )之(zhī )着(zhe )《史(shǐ )记(jì )》也(yě )，无(wú )假(jiǎ )七(qī )贵(guì )之(zhī )权(quán )。”

清(qīng )钱(qián )谦(qiān )益(yì )《拜(bài )观(guān )睢(suī )阳(yáng )五(wǔ )老(lǎo )图(tú )》诗(shī )：“旧(jiù )德(dé )至(zhì )今(jīn )传(chuán )五(wǔ )老(lǎo )，丰(fēng )碑(bēi )何(hé )用(yòng )视(shì )三(sān )桓(huán )。”

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●三桓（简体版）