方相
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上(shàng )古(gǔ )传(chuán )说(shuō )中(zhōng )驱(qū )除(chú )疫(yì )鬼(guǐ )和(hé )山(shān )川(chuān )精(jīng )怪(guài )的(de )神(shén )灵(líng )。
《晋(jìn )书(shū )·庾(yǔ )翼(yì )传(chuán )》:“翼(yì )如(rú )厕(cè ),见(jiàn )一(yī )物(wù )如(rú )方(fāng )相(xiàng ),俄(é )而(ér )疽(jū )发(fā )背(bèi )。”古(gǔ )代(dài )民(mín )间(jiān )多(duō )以(yǐ )人(rén )扮(bàn )演(yǎn )或(huò )以(yǐ )竹(zhú )纸(zhǐ )扎(zhā )制(zhì )“方(fāng )相(xiàng )”,用(yòng )于(yú )某(mǒu )种(zhǒng )场(chǎng )合(hé )以(yǐ )驱(qū )疫(yì )避(bì )邪(xié )。为(wéi )上(shàng )古(gǔ )方(fāng )相(xiàng )氏(shì )之(zhī )遗(yí )制(zhì )。
《初(chū )刻(kè )拍(pāi )桉(ān )惊(jīng )奇(qí )》卷(juàn )十(shí )九(jiǔ ):“远(yuǎn )观(guān )是(shì )丧(sàng )船(chuán )上(shàng )方(fāng )相(xiàng ),近(jìn )觑(qù )乃(nǎi )山(shān )门(mén )外(wài )金(jīn )刚(gāng )。”
清(qīng )赵(zhào )翼(yì )《戏(xì )题(tí )魁(kuí )星(xīng )像(xiàng )》诗(shī ):“黄(huáng )金(jīn )点(diǎn )目(mù )傩(nuó )方(fāng )相(xiàng ),牛(niú )头(tóu )夜(yè )叉(chā )舞(wǔ )跳(tiào )踉(liàng )。”参(cān )见(jiàn )“方(fāng )相(xiàng )氏(shì )”。
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