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(对(duì )言(yán )，对(duì )言(yán ))

1.训(xùn )诂(gǔ )学(xué )上(shàng )指(zhǐ )意(yì )义(yì )相(xiàng )反(fǎn )或(huò )关(guān )联(lián )的(de )词(cí )句(jù )相(xiàng )对(duì )成(chéng )文(wén )。

清(qīng )王(wáng )念(niàn )孙(sūn )《读(dú )书(shū )杂(zá )志(zhì )·史(shǐ )记(jì )六(liù )》“粝(lì )粱(liáng )”：“《列(liè )子(zǐ )·力(lì )命(mìng )》篇(piān )：‘北(běi )宫(gōng )子(zǐ )谓(wèi )西(xī )门(mén )子(zǐ )曰(yuē )：朕(zhèn )衣(yī )则(zé )裋(shù )褐(hè )，食(shí )则(zé )粢(zī )粝(lì )；子(zǐ )衣(yī )则(zé )文(wén )锦(jǐn )，食(shí )则(zé )粱(liáng )肉(ròu )。’以(yǐ )粢(zī )粝(lì )与(yǔ )粱(liáng )肉(ròu )对(duì )言(yán )。”

清(qīng )俞(yú )樾(yuè )《古(gǔ )书(shū )疑(yí )义(yì )举(jǔ )例(lì )·古(gǔ )书(shū )连(lián )及(jí )之(zhī )词(cí )例(lì )》：“《周(zhōu )礼(lǐ )·宰(zǎi )夫(fū )职(zhí )》：‘二(èr )曰(yuē )师(shī )，掌(zhǎng )官(guān )成(chéng )以(yǐ )治(zhì )凡(fán )；三(sān )曰(yuē )司(sī )，掌(zhǎng )官(guān )法(fǎ )以(yǐ )治(zhì )目(mù )。’郑(zhèng )注(zhù )曰(yuē )：‘治(zhì )凡(fán )，若(ruò )月(yuè )计(jì )也(yě )；治(zhì )目(mù )，若(ruò )今(jīn )日(rì )计(jì )也(yě )。’然(rán )则(zé )凡(fán )之(zhī )与(yǔ )目(mù )，事(shì )有(yǒu )巨(jù )细(xì )，故(gù )以(yǐ )对(duì )言(yán )。”

2.指(zhǐ )将(jiāng )两(liǎng )种(zhǒng )不(bú )同(tóng )的(de )概(gài )念(niàn )对(duì )举(jǔ )称(chēng )说(shuō )。

郭(guō )沫(mò )若(ruò )《中(zhōng )国(guó )古(gǔ )代(dài )社(shè )会(huì )研(yán )究(jiū )》第(dì )二(èr )篇(piān )序(xù )说(shuō )：“就(jiù )是(shì )考(kǎo )妣(bǐ )对(duì )言(yán )也(yě )是(shì )东(dōng )周(zhōu )以(yǐ )后(hòu )的(de )用(yòng )语(yǔ )，古(gǔ )人(rén )以(yǐ )祖(zǔ )妣(bǐ )为(wéi )对(duì )，以(yǐ )考(kǎo )母(mǔ )为(wéi )对(duì )。”参(cān )见(jiàn )“对(duì )文(wén )”。

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●对言（简体版）