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(方(fāng )镇(zhèn )，方(fāng )镇(zhèn ))

指(zhǐ )掌(zhǎng )握(wò )兵(bīng )权(quán )、镇(zhèn )守(shǒu )一(yī )方(fāng )的(de )军(jūn )事(shì )长(zhǎng )官(guān )。如(rú )晋(jìn )持(chí )节(jiē )都(dōu )督(dū )，唐(táng )观(guān )察(chá )使(shǐ )、节(jiē )度(dù )使(shǐ )、经(jīng )略(luè )等(děng )。

辽(liáo )金(jīn )时(shí )皆(jiē )有(yǒu )其(qí )职(zhí )。

清(qīng )吴(wú )廷(tíng )燮(xiè )着(zhe )有(yǒu )唐(táng )、辽(liáo )、金(jīn )《方(fāng )镇(zhèn )年(nián )表(biǎo )》，可(kě )参(cān )阅(yuè )。

《晋(jìn )书(shū )·范(fàn )宁(níng )传(chuán )》：“方(fāng )镇(zhèn )去(qù )官(guān )，皆(jiē )割(gē )精(jīng )兵(bīng )器(qì )仗(zhàng )以(yǐ )为(wéi )送(sòng )故(gù )，米(mǐ )布(bù )之(zhī )属(shǔ )不(bú )可(kě )称(chēng )计(jì )。”

《新(xīn )唐(táng )书(shū )·裴(péi )均(jūn )传(chuán )》：“德(dé )宗(zōng )以(yǐ )均(jūn )任(rèn )方(fāng )镇(zhèn )，欲(yù )遂(suí )相(xiàng )之(zhī )。”

宋(sòng )赵(zhào )与(yǔ )时(shí )《宾(bīn )退(tuì )录(lù )》卷(juàn )一(yī )：“开(kāi )元(yuán )九(jiǔ )年(nián )置(zhì )朔(shuò )方(fāng )节(jiē )度(dù )，自(zì )是(shì )始(shǐ )有(yǒu )方(fāng )镇(zhèn )。”

清(qīng )何(hé )琇(xiù )《樵(qiáo )香(xiāng )小(xiǎo )记(jì )·翬(huī )帅(shuài )师(shī )》：“古(gǔ )者(zhě )兵(bīng )出(chū )于(yú )农(nóng )，有(yǒu )事(shì )则(zé )聚(jù )而(ér )授(shòu )甲(jiǎ )役(yì )，竣(jùn )则(zé )散(sàn )而(ér )归(guī )田(tián )，非(fēi )有(yǒu )营(yíng )卫(wèi )之(zhī )屯(tún )聚(jù )，方(fāng )镇(zhèn )之(zhī )瓜(guā )分(fèn )，可(kě )籍(jí )之(zhī )以(yǐ )为(wéi )变(biàn )。”

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●方镇（简体版）