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(主(zhǔ )静(jìng )，主(zhǔ )静(jìng ))

宋(sòng )明(míng )理(lǐ )学(xué )家(jiā )的(de )道(dào )德(dé )修(xiū )养(yǎng )方(fāng )法(fǎ )。渊(yuān )源(yuán )于(yú )古(gǔ )代(dài )儒(rú )家(jiā )(《礼(lǐ )记(jì )·乐(lè )记(jì )》：“人(rén )生(shēng )而(ér )静(jìng )，天(tiān )之(zhī )性(xìng )也(yě )。”)，并(bìng )参(cān )杂(zá )佛(fó )、道(dào )的(de )寂(jì )静(jìng )无(wú )为(wéi )思(sī )想(xiǎng )。“主(zhǔ )静(jìng )”一(yī )语(yǔ )首(shǒu )由(yóu )周(zhōu )敦(dūn )颐(yí )在(zài )其(qí )《太(tài )极(jí )图(tú )说(shuō )》中(zhōng )提(tí )出(chū )：“圣(shèng )人(rén )定(dìng )之(zhī )以(yǐ )中(zhōng )正(zhèng )仁(rén )义(yì )而(ér )主(zhǔ )静(jìng )，立(lì )人(rén )极(jí )焉(yān )。”他(tā )用(yòng )未(wèi )有(yǒu )天(tiān )地(dì )以(yǐ )前(qián )的(de )“无(wú )极(jí )”原(yuán )来(lái )是(shì )“静(jìng )”的(de )，来(lái )证(zhèng )明(míng )人(rén )的(de )天(tiān )性(xìng )本(běn )来(lái )也(yě )是(shì )“静(jìng )”的(de )，由(yóu )于(yú )后(hòu )天(tiān )染(rǎn )上(shàng )了(le )“欲(yù )”，故(gù )须(xū )通(tōng )过(guò )“无(wú )欲(yù )”工(gōng )夫(fū )，以(yǐ )求(qiú )达(dá )到(dào )“静(jìng )”的(de )境(jìng )界(jiè )(“无(wú )欲(yù )故(gù )静(jìng )”)。以(yǐ )后(hòu )它(tā )一(yī )直(zhí )是(shì )理(lǐ )学(xué )的(de )主(zhǔ )要(yào )思(sī )想(xiǎng )。

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●主静（简体版）