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【成(chéng )语(yǔ )】：优(yōu )胜(shèng )劣(liè )败(bài )

【拼(pīn )音(yīn )】：yōu shèng liè bài

【解(jiě )释(shì )】：指(zhǐ )生(shēng )物(wù )在(zài )生(shēng )存(cún )竞(jìng )争(zhēng )中(zhōng )适(shì )应(yīng )力(lì )强(qiáng )的(de )保(bǎo )存(cún )下(xià )来(lái )，适(shì )应(yīng )力(lì )差(chà )的(de )被(bèi )淘(táo )汰(tài )。这(zhè )是(shì )达(dá )尔(ěr )文(wén )进(jìn )化(huà )论(lùn )的(de )一(yī )个(gè )基(jī )本(běn )论(lùn )点(diǎn )。

【出(chū )处(chù )】：清(qīng )·吴(wú )趼(jiǎn )人(rén )《痛(tòng )史(shǐ )》第(dì )一(yī )回(huí )：“优(yōu )胜(shèng )劣(liè )败(bài )，取(qǔ )乱(luàn )侮(wǔ )亡(wáng )，自(zì )不(bú )必(bì )说(shuō )。”

【示(shì )例(lì )】：在(zài )人(rén )类(lèi )社(shè )会(huì )中(zhōng )，～的(de )现(xiàn )象(xiàng )经(jīng )常(cháng )发(fā )生(shēng )。

【近(jìn )义(yì )词(cí )】：适(shì )者(zhě )生(shēng )存(cún )、弱(ruò )肉(ròu )强(qiáng )食(shí )、优(yōu )胜(shèng )劣(liè )汰(tài )

【反(fǎn )义(yì )词(cí )】：

【语(yǔ )法(fǎ )】：作(zuò )谓(wèi )语(yǔ )、宾(bīn )语(yǔ )；指(zhǐ )社(shè )会(huì )竞(jìng )争(zhēng )

【法(fǎ )文(wén )】：survivance du plus apte

【德(dé )文(wén )】：überleben der Tüchtigsten

(优(yōu )胜(shèng )劣(liè )败(bài )，优(yōu )胜(shèng )劣(liè )败(bài ))

指(zhǐ )生(shēng )物(wù )在(zài )生(shēng )存(cún )竞(jìng )争(zhēng )中(zhōng )，竞(jìng )争(zhēng )力(lì )强(qiáng )者(zhě )取(qǔ )胜(shèng )，得(dé )以(yǐ )生(shēng )存(cún )；竞(jìng )争(zhēng )力(lì )弱(ruò )者(zhě )失(shī )败(bài )，被(bèi )淘(táo )汰(tài )。这(zhè )是(shì )达(dá )尔(ěr )文(wén )主(zhǔ )义(yì )的(de )一(yī )个(gè )基(jī )本(běn )观(guān )点(diǎn )。后(hòu )被(bèi )错(cuò )误(wù )地(dì )应(yīng )用(yòng )到(dào )人(rén )类(lèi )社(shè )会(huì )上(shàng )来(lái )。

《痛(tòng )史(shǐ )》第(dì )一(yī )回(huí )：“既(jì )有(yǒu )了(le )国(guó )度(dù )，就(jiù )有(yǒu )竞(jìng )争(zhēng )。优(yōu )胜(shèng )劣(liè )败(bài )，取(qǔ )乱(luàn )侮(wǔ )亡(wáng )，自(zì )不(bú )必(bì )说(shuō )。”

梁(liáng )启(qǐ )超(chāo )《中(zhōng )国(guó )之(zhī )旧(jiù )史(shǐ )学(xué )》：“今(jīn )日(rì )欲(yù )提(tí )倡(chàng )民(mín )族(zú )主(zhǔ )义(yì )，使(shǐ )我(wǒ )四(sì )万(wàn )万(wàn )同(tóng )胞(bāo )强(qiáng )立(lì )于(yú )此(cǐ )优(yōu )胜(shèng )劣(liè )败(bài )之(zhī )世(shì )界(jiè )乎(hū )，则(zé )本(běn )国(guó )史(shǐ )学(xué )一(yī )科(kē )，实(shí )无(wú )老(lǎo )无(wú )幼(yòu )无(wú )男(nán )无(wú )女(nǚ )无(wú )智(zhì )无(wú )愚(yú )无(wú )贤(xián )无(wú )不(bú )肖(xiāo )所(suǒ )皆(jiē )当(dāng )从(cóng )事(shì )。”

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●优胜劣败（简体版）