离坚白
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(离(lí )坚(jiān )白(bái ),离(lí )坚(jiān )白(bái ))
分(fèn )开(kāi )坚(jiān )和(hé )白(bái )。
公(gōng )孙(sūn )龙(lóng )学(xué )派(pài )的(de )着(zhe )名(míng )辩(biàn )论(lùn )题(tí ),与(yǔ )《墨(mò )经(jīng )》的(de )“盈(yíng )坚(jiān )白(bái )”相(xiàng )对(duì )立(lì )。名(míng )家(jiā )认(rèn )为(wéi ),一(yī )块(kuài )石(shí )头(tóu )放(fàng )在(zài )面(miàn )前(qián ),“视(shì )不(bú )得(dé )其(qí )所(suǒ )坚(jiān ),而(ér )得(dé )其(qí )所(suǒ )白(bái )者(zhě ),无(wú )坚(jiān )也(yě );拊(fǔ )不(bú )得(dé )其(qí )所(suǒ )白(bái ),而(ér )得(dé )其(qí )所(suǒ )坚(jiān )者(zhě ),无(wú )白(bái )也(yě )。”由(yóu )此(cǐ )断(duàn )言(yán ),石(shí )头(tóu )的(de )坚(jiān )和(hé )白(bái )两(liǎng )种(zhǒng )属(shǔ )性(xìng )是(shì )互(hù )相(xiàng )分(fèn )离(lí )的(de )。
《庄(zhuāng )子(zǐ )·秋(qiū )水(shuǐ )》:“公(gōng )孙(sūn )龙(lóng )问(wèn )于(yú )魏(wèi )牟(móu )曰(yuē ):‘龙(lóng )少(shǎo )学(xué )先(xiān )王(wáng )之(zhī )道(dào ),长(zhǎng )而(ér )明(míng )仁(rén )义(yì )之(zhī )行(háng );合(hé )同(tóng )异(yì ),离(lí )坚(jiān )白(bái );然(rán )不(bú )然(rán ),可(kě )不(bú )可(kě );困(kùn )百(bǎi )家(jiā )之(zhī )知(zhī ),穷(qióng )众(zhòng )口(kǒu )之(zhī )辩(biàn ),吾(wú )自(zì )以(yǐ )为(wéi )至(zhì )达(dá )已(yǐ )。’”
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