幕友
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明(míng )清(qīng )时(shí )地(dì )方(fāng )军(jūn )政(zhèng )官(guān )署(shǔ )中(zhōng )协(xié )助(zhù )办(bàn )理(lǐ )文(wén )桉(ān )、刑(xíng )名(míng )、钱(qián )穀(yù )等(děng )事(shì )务(wù )的(de )人(rén )员(yuán ),相(xiàng )当(dāng )于(yú )古(gǔ )之(zhī )幕(mù )僚(liáo )、幕(mù )宾(bīn )。因(yīn )无(wú )官(guān )职(zhí ),且(qiě )由(yóu )长(zhǎng )官(guān )私(sī )人(rén )延(yán )聘(pìn ),视(shì )之(zhī )如(rú )友(yǒu ),故(gù )称(chēng )“幕(mù )友(yǒu )”,俗(sú )称(chēng )“师(shī )爷(yé )”。
《红(hóng )楼(lóu )梦(mèng )》第(dì )九(jiǔ )九(jiǔ )回(huí ):“贾(jiǎ )政(zhèng )带(dài )了(le )几(jǐ )个(gè )在(zài )京(jīng )请(qǐng )的(de )幕(mù )友(yǒu ),晓(xiǎo )行(háng )夜(yè )宿(xiǔ ),一(yī )日(rì ),到(dào )了(le )本(běn )省(shěng )。”
郑(zhèng )观(guān )应(yīng )《盛(shèng )世(shì )危(wēi )言(yán )·书(shū )吏(lì )》:“其(qí )刑(xíng )名(míng )、钱(qián )穀(yù )幕(mù )友(yǒu )中(zhōng ),劣(liè )多(duō )佳(jiā )少(shǎo ),往(wǎng )往(wǎng )亦(yì )把(bǎ )持(chí )公(gōng )事(shì ),串(chuàn )通(tōng )差(chà )吏(lì ),挟(jiā )制(zhì )居(jū )停(tíng ),作(zuò )威(wēi )作(zuò )福(fú )之(zhī )处(chù ),不(bú )可(kě )胜(shèng )言(yán )。”
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