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1.枳(zhǐ )木(mù )与(yǔ )棘(jí )木(mù )。因(yīn )其(qí )多(duō )刺(cì )而(ér )称(chēng )恶(è )木(mù )。常(cháng )用(yòng )以(yǐ )比(bǐ )喻(yù )恶(è )人(rén )或(huò )小(xiǎo )人(rén )。

《韩(hán )非(fēi )子(zǐ )·外(wài )储(chǔ )说(shuō )左(zuǒ )下(xià )》：“夫(fū )树(shù )橘(jú )柚(yòu )者(zhě )，食(shí )之(zhī )则(zé )甘(gān )，嗅(xiù )之(zhī )则(zé )香(xiāng )；树(shù )枳(zhǐ )棘(jí )者(zhě )，成(chéng )而(ér )刺(cì )人(rén )，故(gù )君(jūn )子(zǐ )慎(shèn )所(suǒ )树(shù )。”

《楚(chǔ )辞(cí )·刘(liú )向(xiàng )＜九(jiǔ )叹(tàn )·愍(mǐn )命(mìng )＞》：“折(shé )芳(fāng )枝(zhī )与(yǔ )琼(qióng )华(huá )兮(xī )，树(shù )枳(zhǐ )棘(jí )与(yǔ )薪(xīn )柴(chái )。”

王(wáng )逸(yì )注(zhù )：“以(yǐ )言(yán )贱(jiàn )弃(qì )君(jūn )子(zǐ )而(ér )育(yù )养(yǎng )小(xiǎo )人(rén )。”

《文(wén )选(xuǎn )·左(zuǒ )思(sī )＜咏(yǒng )史(shǐ )＞》：“出(chū )门(mén )无(wú )通(tōng )路(lù )，枳(zhǐ )棘(jí )塞(sāi )中(zhōng )涂(tú )。”

吕(lǚ )向(xiàng )注(zhù )：“枳(zhǐ )棘(jí )，有(yǒu )刺(cì )之(zhī )木(mù )，喻(yù )谗(chán )佞(nìng )也(yě )。”

清(qīng )李(lǐ )寅(yín )《书(shū )邺(yè )侯(hóu )传(chuán )》诗(shī )：“但(dàn )清(qīng )河(hé )朔(shuò )风(fēng )尘(chén )易(yì )，欲(yù )扫(sǎo )宫(gōng )庭(tíng )枳(zhǐ )棘(jí )难(nán )。”

2.比(bǐ )喻(yù )艰(jiān )难(nán )险(xiǎn )恶(è )的(de )环(huán )境(jìng )。

《后(hòu )汉(hàn )书(shū )·黄(huáng )琼(qióng )传(chuán )》：“光(guāng )武(wǔ )以(yǐ )圣(shèng )武(wǔ )天(tiān )挺(tǐng )，继(jì )统(tǒng )兴(xìng )业(yè )，创(chuàng )基(jī )冰(bīng )泮(pàn )之(zhī )上(shàng )，立(lì )足(zú )枳(zhǐ )棘(jí )之(zhī )林(lín )。”

李(lǐ )贤(xián )注(zhù )：“枳(zhǐ )棘(jí )谕(yù )艰(jiān )难(nán )。”

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●枳棘（简体版）