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1.田(tián )土(tǔ )，田(tián )地(dì )。

《管(guǎn )子(zǐ )·白(bái )心(xīn )》：“天(tiān )之(zhī )视(shì )而(ér )精(jīng )，四(sì )璧(bì )而(ér )知(zhī )请(qǐng )，壤(rǎng )土(tǔ )而(ér )与(yǔ )生(shēng )。”

《国(guó )语(yǔ )·齐(qí )语(yǔ )》：“恶(è )金(jīn )以(yǐ )铸(zhù )鉏(chú )、夷(yí )、斤(jīn )、斸(zhú )，试(shì )诸(zhū )壤(rǎng )土(tǔ )。”

《新(xīn )唐(táng )书(shū )·西(xī )域(yù )传(chuán )上(shàng )·疏(shū )勒(lè )》：“疏(shū )勒(lè )，一(yī )曰(yuē )佉(qū )沙(shā )，环(huán )五(wǔ )千(qiān )里(lǐ )，距(jù )京(jīng )师(shī )九(jiǔ )千(qiān )里(lǐ )而(ér )赢(yíng )。多(duō )沙(shā )碛(qì )，少(shǎo )壤(rǎng )土(tǔ )。”

康(kāng )有(yǒu )为(wéi )《大(dà )同(tóng )书(shū )》辛(xīn )部(bù )第(dì )七(qī )章(zhāng )：“于(yú )其(qí )泊(bó )洑(fú )渐(jiàn )引(yǐn )川(chuān )河(hé )，遍(biàn )植(zhí )草(cǎo )树(shù )，将(jiāng )多(duō )雨(yǔ )泽(zé )，渐(jiàn )可(kě )使(shǐ )沙(shā )漠(mò )化(huà )为(wéi )壤(rǎng )土(tǔ )。”

2.国(guó )土(tǔ )；领(lǐng )土(tǔ )。

《战(zhàn )国(guó )策(cè )·秦(qín )策(cè )四(sì )》：“夫(fū )以(yǐ )王(wáng )壤(rǎng )土(tǔ )之(zhī )博(bó )，人(rén )徒(tú )之(zhī )众(zhòng )，兵(bīng )革(gé )之(zhī )强(qiáng )，一(yī )举(jǔ )事(shì )而(ér )注(zhù )地(dì )于(yú )楚(chǔ )，诎(qū )令(lìng )韩(hán )魏(wèi )归(guī )帝(dì )重(zhòng )于(yú )齐(qí )，是(shì )王(wáng )失(shī )计(jì )也(yě )。”

《汉(hàn )书(shū )·董(dǒng )仲(zhòng )舒(shū )传(chuán )》：“诸(zhū )侯(hóu )背(bèi )畔(pàn )，残(cán )贼(zéi )良(liáng )民(mín )以(yǐ )争(zhēng )壤(rǎng )土(tǔ )。”

3.犹(yóu )泥(ní )土(tǔ )。

《诗(shī )·大(dà )雅(yǎ )·绵(mián )》“度(dù )之(zhī )薨(hōng )薨(hōng )”汉(hàn )郑(zhèng )玄(xuán )笺(jiān )：“筑(zhù )牆(qiáng )者(zhě )，捊(pōu )聚(jù )壤(rǎng )土(tǔ )，盛(shèng )之(zhī )以(yǐ )虆(léi )而(ér )投(tóu )诸(zhū )版(bǎn )中(zhōng )。”

4.细(xì )砂(shā )和(hé )粘(zhān )土(tǔ )含(hán )量(liàng )比(bǐ )较(jiào )接(jiē )近(jìn )的(de )土(tǔ )壤(rǎng )。土(tǔ )粒(lì )粗(cū )大(dà )而(ér )疏(shū )鬆(sòng )，没(méi )有(yǒu )过(guò )粘(zhān )过(guò )燥(zào )的(de )现(xiàn )象(xiàng )，能(néng )保(bǎo )水(shuǐ )、保(bǎo )肥(féi )，适(shì )于(yú )种(zhǒng )植(zhí )各(gè )种(zhǒng )植(zhí )物(wù )。在(zài )地(dì )质(zhì )学(xué )中(zhōng )，壤(rǎng )土(tǔ )参(cān )见(jiàn )“垆(lú )坶(mǔ )”。

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●壤土（简体版）