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【成(chéng )语(yǔ )】：曳(yè )尾(wěi )涂(tú )中(zhōng )

【拼(pīn )音(yīn )】：yè wěi tú zhōng

【解(jiě )释(shì )】：原(yuán )意(yì )是(shì )与(yǔ )其(qí )位(wèi )列(liè )卿(qīng )相(xiàng )，受(shòu )爵(jué )禄(lù )、刑(xíng )罚(fá )的(de )管(guǎn )束(shù )，不(bú )如(rú )隐(yǐn )居(jū )而(ér )安(ān )于(yú )贫(pín )贱(jiàn )。后(hòu )也(yě )比(bǐ )喻(yù )在(zài )污(wū )浊(zhuó )的(de )环(huán )境(jìng )里(lǐ )苟(gǒu )且(qiě )偷(tōu )生(shēng )。

【出(chū )处(chù )】：战(zhàn )国(guó )·宋(sòng )·庄(zhuāng )周(zhōu )《庄(zhuāng )子(zǐ )·秋(qiū )水(shuǐ )》：“宁(níng )其(qí )生(shēng )而(ér )曳(yè )尾(wěi )于(yú )涂(tú )中(zhōng )乎(hū )？”

【示(shì )例(lì )】：欲(yù )返(fǎn )江(jiāng )东(dōng )无(wú )面(miàn )目(mù )，～当(dāng )死(sǐ )。 ★郁(yù )达(dá )夫(fū )《毁(huǐ )家(jiā )诗(shī )纪(jì )·词(cí )》

【近(jìn )义(yì )词(cí )】：苟(gǒu )且(qiě )偷(tōu )生(shēng )

【反(fǎn )义(yì )词(cí )】：

【语(yǔ )法(fǎ )】：作(zuò )谓(wèi )语(yǔ )、定(dìng )语(yǔ )；用(yòng )于(yú )书(shū )面(miàn )语(yǔ )

【成(chéng )语(yǔ )故(gù )事(shì )】：战(zhàn )国(guó )时(shí )期(qī )著(zhe )名(míng )的(de )思(sī )想(xiǎng )家(jiā )庄(zhuāng )子(zǐ )很(hěn )有(yǒu )才(cái )学(xué )，楚(chǔ )威(wēi )王(wáng )想(xiǎng )请(qǐng )他(tā )来(lái )辅(fǔ )佐(zuǒ )朝(cháo )政(zhèng )，派(pài )两(liǎng )个(gè )使(shǐ )者(zhě )带(dài )上(shàng )许(xǔ )多(duō )珍(zhēn )珠(zhū )玉(yù )帛(bó )，在(zài )濮(pú )水(shuǐ )岸(àn )边(biān )见(jiàn )到(dào )隐(yǐn )居(jū )在(zài )此(cǐ )钓(diào )鱼(yú )的(de )庄(zhuāng )子(zǐ )，庄(zhuāng )子(zǐ )对(duì )使(shǐ )者(zhě )打(dǎ )比(bǐ )方(fāng )说(shuō )他(tā )愿(yuàn )意(yì )像(xiàng )保(bǎo )全(quán )性(xìng )命(mìng )曳(yè )尾(wěi )涂(tú )中(zhōng )的(de )乌(wū )龟(guī )，过(guò )着(zhe )隐(yǐn )居(jū )生(shēng )活(huó )。使(shǐ )者(zhě )只(zhī )好(hǎo )悻(xìng )悻(xìng )而(ér )去(qù )

(曳(yè )尾(wěi )涂(tú )中(zhōng )，曳(yè )尾(wěi )涂(tú )中(zhōng ))

1.典(diǎn )出(chū )《庄(zhuāng )子(zǐ )·秋(qiū )水(shuǐ )》：“庄(zhuāng )子(zǐ )持(chí )竿(gān )不(bú )顾(gù )，曰(yuē )：‘吾(wú )闻(wén )楚(chǔ )有(yǒu )神(shén )龟(guī )，死(sǐ )已(yǐ )三(sān )千(qiān )岁(suì )矣(yǐ )，王(wáng )巾(jīn )笥(sì )而(ér )藏(cáng )之(zhī )庙(miào )堂(táng )之(zhī )上(shàng )。此(cǐ )龟(guī )者(zhě )宁(níng )其(qí )死(sǐ )为(wéi )留(liú )骨(gǔ )而(ér )贵(guì )乎(hū )？宁(níng )其(qí )生(shēng )而(ér )曳(yè )尾(wěi )于(yú )涂(tú )中(zhōng )乎(hū )？’二(èr )大(dà )夫(fū )曰(yuē )：‘宁(níng )生(shēng )而(ér )曳(yè )尾(wěi )涂(tú )中(zhōng )。’”涂(tú )，污(wū )泥(ní )。比(bǐ )喻(yù )与(yǔ )其(qí )显(xiǎn )身(shēn )扬(yáng )名(míng )于(yú )庙(miào )堂(táng )之(zhī )上(shàng )而(ér )毁(huǐ )身(shēn )灭(miè )性(xìng )，不(bú )如(rú )过(guò )贫(pín )贱(jiàn )的(de )隐(yǐn )居(jū )生(shēng )活(huó )而(ér )得(dé )逍(xiāo )遥(yáo )全(quán )身(shēn )。

《三(sān )国(guó )志(zhì )·蜀(shǔ )志(zhì )·郄(qiè )正(zhèng )传(chuán )》：“宁(níng )曳(yè )尾(wěi )于(yú )涂(tú )中(zhōng )，秽(huì )浊(zhuó )世(shì )之(zhī )休(xiū )戚(qī )。”

晋(jìn )葛(gě )洪(hóng )《抱(bào )朴(pǔ )子(zǐ )·博(bó )喻(yù )》：“故(gù )灵(líng )龟(guī )宁(níng )曳(yè )尾(wěi )于(yú )涂(tú )中(zhōng )，而(ér )不(bú )愿(yuàn )巾(jīn )笥(sì )之(zhī )宝(bǎo )；泽(zé )雉(zhì )乐(lè )十(shí )步(bù )之(zhī )啄(zhuó )，以(yǐ )违(wéi )鸡(jī )鹜(wù )之(zhī )祸(huò )。”亦(yì )省(shěng )作(zuò )“曳(yè )尾(wěi )”。

宋(sòng )黄(huáng )庭(tíng )坚(jiān )《次(cì )韵(yùn )文(wén )潜(qián )同(tóng )游(yóu )王(wáng )舍(shě )人(rén )园(yuán )》：“故(gù )作(zuò )龟(guī )曳(yè )尾(wěi )，颇(pō )深(shēn )漆(qī )园(yuán )方(fāng )。”

王(wáng )先(xiān )谦(qiān )《＜庄(zhuāng )子(zǐ )集(jí )解(jiě )＞序(xù )》：“余(yú )观(guān )庄(zhuāng )生(shēng )甘(gān )曳(yè )尾(wěi )之(zhī )辱(rǔ )，却(què )为(wéi )牺(xī )之(zhī )聘(pìn )，可(kě )谓(wèi )尘(chén )埃(āi )富(fù )贵(guì )者(zhě )也(yě )。”

2.用(yòng )以(yǐ )比(bǐ )喻(yù )苟(gǒu )且(qiě )偷(tōu )生(shēng )。

郁(yù )达(dá )夫(fū )《毁(huǐ )家(jiā )诗(shī )纪(jì )·＜贺(hè )新(xīn )郎(láng )＞词(cí )》：“欲(yù )返(fǎn )江(jiāng )东(dōng )无(wú )面(miàn )目(mù )，曳(yè )尾(wěi )涂(tú )中(zhōng )当(dāng )死(sǐ )。”

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●曳尾涂中（简体版）