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(山(shān )东(dōng )，山(shān )东(dōng ))

1.山(shān )的(de )东(dōng )坡(pō )。参(cān )见(jiàn )“山(shān )西(xī )”。

2.战(zhàn )国(guó )、秦(qín )、汉(hàn )时(shí )称(chēng )崤(xiáo )山(shān )或(huò )华(huá )山(shān )以(yǐ )东(dōng )地(dì )区(qū )，又(yòu )称(chēng )关(guān )东(dōng )。亦(yì )指(zhǐ )战(zhàn )国(guó )时(shí )秦(qín )以(yǐ )外(wài )的(de )六(liù )国(guó )。

《战(zhàn )国(guó )策(cè )·赵(zhào )策(cè )二(èr )》：“六(liù )国(guó )从(cóng )亲(qīn )以(yǐ )摈(bìn )秦(qín )，秦(qín )必(bì )不(bú )敢(gǎn )出(chū )兵(bīng )于(yú )函(hán )谷(gǔ )关(guān )以(yǐ )害(hài )山(shān )东(dōng )矣(yǐ )。”

南(nán )朝(cháo )宋(sòng )鲍(bào )照(zhào )《数(shù )诗(shī )》：“一(yī )身(shēn )仕(shì )关(guān )西(xī )，家(jiā )族(zú )满(mǎn )山(shān )东(dōng )。”

唐(táng )章(zhāng )碣(jié )《焚(fén )书(shū )坑(kēng )》诗(shī )：“坑(kēng )灰(huī )未(wèi )冷(lěng )山(shān )东(dōng )乱(luàn )，刘(liú )项(xiàng )元(yuán )来(lái )不(bú )读(dú )书(shū )。”

《三(sān )国(guó )演(yǎn )义(yì )》第(dì )四(sì )回(huí )：“且(qiě )袁(yuán )氏(shì )树(shù )恩(ēn )四(sì )世(shì )，门(mén )生(shēng )故(gù )吏(lì )遍(biàn )于(yú )天(tiān )下(xià )；倘(tǎng )收(shōu )豪(háo )杰(jié )以(yǐ )聚(jù )徒(tú )众(zhòng )，英(yīng )雄(xióng )因(yīn )之(zhī )而(ér )起(qǐ )，山(shān )东(dōng )非(fēi )公(gōng )有(yǒu )也(yě )。”

3.称(chēng )太(tài )行(háng )山(shān )以(yǐ )东(dōng )地(dì )区(qū )。

《史(shǐ )记(jì )·晋(jìn )世(shì )家(jiā )》：“冬(dōng )十(shí )二(èr )月(yuè )，晋(jìn )兵(bīng )先(xiān )下(xià )山(shān )东(dōng )。”

唐(táng )杜(dù )甫(fǔ )《洗(xǐ )兵(bīng )行(háng )》：“中(zhōng )兴(xìng )诸(zhū )将(jiāng )收(shōu )山(shān )东(dōng )，捷(jié )书(shū )夜(yè )报(bào )清(qīng )昼(zhòu )同(tóng )。”

仇(chóu )兆(zhào )鳌(áo )注(zhù )：“山(shān )东(dōng )，河(hé )北(běi )也(yě )。

安(ān )禄(lù )山(shān )反(fǎn )，先(xiān )陷(xiàn )河(hé )北(běi )诸(zhū )郡(jùn )。”

明(míng )王(wáng )鸣(míng )盛(shèng )《十(shí )七(qī )史(shǐ )商(shāng )榷(què )·新(xīn )旧(jiù )五(wǔ )代(dài )史(shǐ )三(sān )》：“《义(yì )儿(ér )李(lǐ )存(cún )孝(xiào )传(chuán )》：晋(jìn )已(yǐ )得(dé )泽(zé )潞(lù )，岁(suì )出(chū )山(shān )东(dōng )，与(yǔ )孟(mèng )方(fāng )立(lì )争(zhēng )邢(xíng )、洛(luò )、磁(cí )。

《死(sǐ )事(shì )·张(zhāng )源(yuán )德(dé )传(chuán )》：晋(jìn )已(yǐ )先(xiān )下(xià )全(quán )燕(yàn )，而(ér )镇(zhèn )定(dìng )皆(jiē )附(fù )于(yú )晋(jìn )，自(zì )河(hé )以(yǐ )北(běi )、山(shān )以(yǐ )东(dōng )皆(jiē )归(guī )晋(jìn )。此(cǐ )‘山(shān )东(dōng )’谓(wèi )太(tài )行(háng )山(shān )之(zhī )东(dōng )，即(jí )以(yǐ )河(hé )北(běi )为(wéi )山(shān )东(dōng )也(yě )。”

4.汉(hàn )时(shí )称(chēng )古(gǔ )齐(qí )鲁(lǔ )地(dì )区(qū )。

清(qīng )钱(qián )大(dà )昕(xīn )《十(shí )驾(jià )斋(zhāi )养(yǎng )新(xīn )录(lù )·山(shān )东(dōng )》：“汉(hàn )时(shí )亦(yì )有(yǒu )称(chēng )齐(qí )鲁(lǔ )为(wéi )山(shān )东(dōng )者(zhě )，如(rú )《酷(kù )吏(lì )传(chuán )》：‘御(yù )史(shǐ )大(dà )夫(fū )宏(hóng )曰(yuē )：臣(chén )居(jū )山(shān )东(dōng )，为(wéi )小(xiǎo )吏(lì )时(shí )，宁(níng )成(chéng )为(wéi )济(jì )南(nán )都(dōu )尉(wèi )。’《儒(rú )林(lín )传(chuán )》：‘伏(fú )生(shēng )教(jiāo )齐(qí )鲁(lǔ )之(zhī )间(jiān )，学(xué )者(zhě )由(yóu )此(cǐ )颇(pō )能(néng )言(yán )《尚(shàng )书(shū )》，山(shān )东(dōng )大(dà )师(shī )，亡(wáng )不(bú )涉(shè )《尚(shàng )书(shū )》以(yǐ )教(jiāo )。’则(zé )齐(qí )鲁(lǔ )之(zhī )号(hào )‘山(shān )东(dōng )’，非(fēi )无(wú )因(yīn )矣(yǐ )。”

5.省(shěng )名(míng )。因(yīn )在(zài )太(tài )行(háng )山(shān )以(yǐ )东(dōng )，故(gù )称(chēng )。

唐(táng )属(shǔ )河(hé )南(nán )河(hé )北(běi )道(dào )，宋(sòng )属(shǔ )京(jīng )东(dōng )路(lù )，金(jīn )改(gǎi )京(jīng )东(dōng )路(lù )为(wéi )山(shān )东(dōng )路(lù )，明(míng )置(zhì )山(shān )东(dōng )布(bù )政(zhèng )使(shǐ )司(sī )，清(qīng )至(zhì )今(jīn )相(xiàng )沿(yán )称(chēng )山(shān )东(dōng )省(shěng )。

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●山东（简体版）