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旧(jiù )时(shí )祭(jì )礼(lǐ )的(de )牺(xī )牲(shēng )，牛(niú )、羊(yáng )、豕(shǐ )俱(jù )用(yòng )叫(jiào )太(tài )牢(láo )，只(zhī )用(yòng )羊(yáng )、豕(shǐ )二(èr )牲(shēng )叫(jiào )少(shǎo )牢(láo )。

《左(zuǒ )传(chuán )·襄(xiāng )公(gōng )二(èr )十(shí )二(èr )年(nián )》：“祭(jì )以(yǐ )特(tè )羊(yáng )，殷(yīn )以(yǐ )少(shǎo )牢(láo )。”

杜(dù )预(yù )注(zhù )：“四(sì )时(shí )祀(sì )以(yǐ )一(yī )羊(yáng )，三(sān )年(nián )盛(shèng )祭(jì )以(yǐ )羊(yáng )、豕(shǐ )。殷(yīn )，盛(shèng )也(yě )。”

《礼(lǐ )记(jì )·王(wáng )制(zhì )》：“天(tiān )子(zǐ )社(shè )稷(jì )皆(jiē )太(tài )牢(láo )，诸(zhū )侯(hóu )社(shè )稷(jì )皆(jiē )少(shǎo )牢(láo )。”

晋(jìn )陶(táo )潜(qián )《祭(jì )程(chéng )氏(shì )妹(mèi )文(wén )》：“渊(yuān )明(míng )以(yǐ )少(shǎo )牢(láo )之(zhī )奠(diàn )，俯(fǔ )而(ér )酹(lèi )之(zhī )。”

清(qīng )蒲(pú )松(sōng )龄(líng )《聊(liáo )斋(zhāi )志(zhì )异(yì )·竹(zhú )青(qīng )》：“后(hòu )领(lǐng )荐(jiàn )归(guī )，复(fù )谒(yè )吴(wú )王(wáng )庙(miào )，荐(jiàn )以(yǐ )少(shǎo )牢(láo )。”

清(qīng )赵(zhào )翼(yì )《陔(gāi )馀(yú )丛(cóng )考(kǎo )·太(tài )牢(láo )少(shǎo )牢(láo )》：“《国(guó )语(yǔ )》‘乡(xiāng )举(jǔ )少(shǎo )牢(láo )’注(zhù )：‘少(shǎo )牢(láo )，羊(yáng )、豕(shǐ )也(yě )。’则(zé )羊(yáng )与(yǔ )豕(shǐ )俱(jù )称(chēng )少(shǎo )牢(láo )矣(yǐ )。其(qí )不(bú )兼(jiān )用(yòng )二(èr )牲(shēng )而(ér )专(zhuān )用(yòng )一(yī )羊(yáng )或(huò )一(yī )豕(shǐ )者(zhě )，则(zé )曰(yuē )特(tè )羊(yáng )、特(tè )豕(shǐ )。可(kě )知(zhī )太(tài )牢(láo )不(bú )专(zhuān )言(yán )牛(niú )、少(shǎo )牢(láo )不(bú )专(zhuān )言(yán )羊(yáng )也(yě )。”一(yī )说(shuō )谓(wèi )以(yǐ )羊(yáng )为(wéi )少(shǎo )牢(láo )乃(nǎi )举(jǔ )羊(yáng )以(yǐ )赅(gāi )豕(shǐ )。

《大(dà )戴(dài )礼(lǐ )记(jì )·曾(céng )子(zǐ )天(tiān )圆(yuán )》：“大(dà )夫(fū )之(zhī )祭(jì )牲(shēng )，羊(yáng )曰(yuē )少(shǎo )牢(láo )。”

孔(kǒng )广(guǎng )森(sēn )补(bǔ )注(zhù )：“少(shǎo )牢(láo )，举(jǔ )羊(yáng )以(yǐ )赅(gāi )豕(shǐ )。”参(cān )见(jiàn )“太(tài )牢(láo )”。

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●少牢（简体版）