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从(cóng )元(yuán )代(dài )起(qǐ )，科(kē )举(jǔ )考(kǎo )场(chǎng )中(zhōng )设(shè )有(yǒu )“出(chū )恭(gōng )”、“入(rù )敬(jìng )”牌(pái )，以(yǐ )防(fáng )士(shì )子(zǐ )擅(shàn )离(lí )座(zuò )位(wèi )。士(shì )子(zǐ )入(rù )厕(cè )须(xū )先(xiān )领(lǐng )此(cǐ )牌(pái )。因(yīn )俗(sú )称(chēng )入(rù )厕(cè )为(wéi )出(chū )恭(gōng )。并(bìng )谓(wèi )大(dà )便(biàn )为(wéi )出(chū )大(dà )恭(gōng )，小(xiǎo )便(biàn )为(wéi )出(chū )小(xiǎo )恭(gōng )。

元(yuán )关(guān )汉(hàn )卿(qīng )《四(sì )春(chūn )园(yuán )》第(dì )三(sān )摺(zhé )：“俺(ǎn )这(zhè )里(lǐ )茶(chá )迎(yíng )三(sān )岛(dǎo )客(kè )，汤(tāng )送(sòng )五(wǔ )湖(hú )宾(bīn )，喝(hē )上(shàng )七(qī )八(bā )盏(zhǎn )，管(guǎn )情(qíng )去(qù )出(chū )恭(gōng )。”

《西(xī )游(yóu )记(jì )》第(dì )二(èr )九(jiǔ )回(huí )：“沙(shā )僧(sēng )，你(nǐ )且(qiě )上(shàng )前(qián )来(lái )与(yǔ )他(tā )斗(dòu )着(zhe )，让(ràng )老(lǎo )猪(zhū )出(chū )恭(gōng )来(lái )。”

《文(wén )明(míng )小(xiǎo )史(shǐ )》第(dì )三(sān )五(wǔ )回(huí )：“可(kě )巧(qiǎo )那(nà )天(tiān )店(diàn )中(zhōng )伙(huǒ )计(jì )约(yuē )会(huì )了(le )出(chū )去(qù )喫(kài )馆(guǎn )子(zǐ )，只(zhī )賸(shèng )了(le )王(wáng )李(lǐ )二(èr )人(rén )在(zài )店(diàn )中(zhōng )。

毓(yù )生(shēng )急(jí )急(jí )的(de )要(yào )去(qù )出(chū )恭(gōng )，託(tuō )悔(huǐ )生(shēng )暂(zàn )时(shí )照(zhào )应(yīng )店(diàn )面(miàn )。”

张(zhāng )天(tiān )翼(yì )《儿(ér )女(nǚ )们(men )》：“他(tā )们(men )还(hái )把(bǎ )人(rén )家(jiā )的(de )祖(zǔ )宗(zōng )牌(pái )位(wèi )扔(rēng )到(dào )茅(máo )房(fáng )里(lǐ )，拿(ná )《论(lùn )语(yǔ )》、《孟(mèng )子(zǐ )》撕(sī )碎(suì )了(le )去(qù )出(chū )恭(gōng )。”

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●出恭（简体版）