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1.指(zhǐ )礼(lǐ )乐(lè )教(jiāo )化(huà )。与(yǔ )“武(wǔ )功(gōng )”相(xiàng )对(duì )。

《易(yì )·小(xiǎo )畜(chù )》：“君(jūn )子(zǐ )以(yǐ )懿(yì )文(wén )德(dé )。”

《论(lùn )语(yǔ )·季(jì )氏(shì )》：“故(gù )远(yuǎn )人(rén )不(bú )服(fú )，则(zé )修(xiū )文(wén )德(dé )以(yǐ )来(lái )之(zhī )。”

《后(hòu )汉(hàn )书(shū )·光(guāng )武(wǔ )帝(dì )纪(jì )上(shàng )》：“言(yán )武(wǔ )功(gōng )则(zé )莫(mò )之(zhī )敢(gǎn )抗(kàng )，论(lùn )文(wén )德(dé )则(zé )无(wú )所(suǒ )与(yǔ )辞(cí )。”

元(yuán )傅(fù )若(ruò )金(jīn )《书(shū )南(nán )宁(níng )驿(yì )》诗(shī )：“也(yě )知(zhī )文(wén )德(dé )能(néng )柔(róu )远(yuǎn )，传(chuán )道(dào )新(xīn )恩(ēn )欲(yù )罢(bà )征(zhēng )。”

鲁(lǔ )迅(xùn )《伪(wěi )自(zì )由(yóu )书(shū )·王(wáng )化(huà )》：“还(hái )有(yǒu )什(shí )么(me )事(shì )可(kě )以(yǐ )做(zuò )呢(ne )？自(zì )然(rán )只(zhī )有(yǒu )修(xiū )文(wén )德(dé )以(yǐ )服(fú )‘远(yuǎn )人(rén )’的(de )日(rì )本(běn )了(le )。”

2.写(xiě )文(wén )章(zhāng )的(de )道(dào )德(dé )。

鲁(lǔ )迅(xùn )《伪(wěi )自(zì )由(yóu )书(shū )·从(cóng )幽(yōu )默(mò )到(dào )正(zhèng )经(jīng )》：“又(yòu )不(bú )幸(xìng )而(ér )榆(yú )关(guān )失(shī )守(shǒu )，热(rè )河(hé )吃(chī )紧(jǐn )了(le )，有(yǒu )名(míng )的(de )文(wén )人(rén )学(xué )士(shì )，也(yě )就(jiù )更(gèng )加(jiā )吃(chī )紧(jǐn )起(qǐ )来(lái )……讲(jiǎng )文(wén )德(dé )的(de )也(yě )有(yǒu )，骂(mà )人(rén )固(gù )然(rán )可(kě )恶(è )，俏(qiào )皮(pí )也(yě )不(bú )文(wén )明(míng )，要(yào )大(dà )家(jiā )做(zuò )正(zhèng )经(jīng )文(wén )章(zhāng )，装(zhuāng )正(zhèng )经(jīng )脸(liǎn )孔(kǒng )，以(yǐ )补(bǔ )‘不(bú )抵(dǐ )抗(kàng )主(zhǔ )义(yì )’之(zhī )不(bú )足(zú )。”

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