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柔(róu )字(zì )的(de )笔(bǐ )画(huà )：9画(huà )；

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〔《广(guǎng )韵(yùn )》耳(ěr )由(yóu )切(qiē )，平(píng )尤(yóu )，日(rì )。〕

1.草(cǎo )木(mù )始(shǐ )生(shēng )；幼(yòu )嫩(nèn )。

《诗(shī )·小(xiǎo )雅(yǎ )·采(cǎi )薇(wēi )》：“采(cǎi )薇(wēi )采(cǎi )薇(wēi )，薇(wēi )亦(yì )柔(róu )止(zhǐ )。”

毛(máo )传(chuán )：“柔(róu )，始(shǐ )生(shēng )也(yě )。”

宋(sòng )晁(cháo )补(bǔ )之(zhī )《鱼(yú )沟(gōu )怀(huái )家(jiā )》诗(shī )：“柳(liǔ )嫩(nèn )桑(sāng )柔(róu )鸦(yā )欲(yù )乳(rǔ )，雪(xuě )消(xiāo )冰(bīng )动(dòng )麦(mài )初(chū )齐(qí )。”

元(yuán )关(guān )汉(hàn )卿(qīng )《一(yī )枝(zhī )花(huā )·不(bú )伏(fú )老(lǎo )》套(tào )曲(qǔ )：“花(huā )攀(pān )红(hóng )蕊(ruǐ )嫩(nèn )，柳(liǔ )折(shé )翠(cuì )条(tiáo )柔(róu )。”

2.软(ruǎn )；弱(ruò )。与(yǔ )“刚(gāng )”相(xiàng )对(duì )。

《易(yì )·坤(kūn )》：“坤(kūn )至(zhì )柔(róu )，而(ér )动(dòng )也(yě )刚(gāng )。”

孔(kǒng )颖(yǐng )达(dá )疏(shū )：“柔(róu )，弱(ruò )。”

《庄(zhuāng )子(zǐ )·天(tiān )运(yùn )》：“其(qí )声(shēng )能(néng )短(duǎn )能(néng )长(zhǎng )，能(néng )柔(róu )能(néng )刚(gāng )。”

《后(hòu )汉(hàn )书(shū )·臧(zāng )宫(gōng )传(chuán )》：“柔(róu )能(néng )制(zhì )刚(gāng )，弱(ruò )能(néng )制(zhì )彊(jiāng )。柔(róu )者(zhě )，德(dé )也(yě )。刚(gāng )者(zhě )，贼(zéi )也(yě )。”

清(qīng )魏(wèi )源(yuán )《吴(wú )农(nóng )备(bèi )荒(huāng )议(yì )上(shàng )》：“又(yòu )谓(wèi )晚(wǎn )稻(dào )粒(lì )柔(róu )以(yǐ )肥(féi )，良(liáng )于(yú )早(zǎo )收(shōu )粒(lì )刚(gāng )之(zhī )籼(xiān )稻(dào )，故(gù )兑(duì )白(bái )粮(liáng )之(zhī )漕(cáo )，必(bì )须(xū )晚(wǎn )稻(dào )。”

3.指(zhǐ )柔(róu )软(ruǎn )之(zhī )物(wù )。

《诗(shī )·大(dà )雅(yǎ )·烝(zhēng )民(mín )》：“人(rén )亦(yì )有(yǒu )言(yán )：柔(róu )则(zé )茹(rú )之(zhī )，刚(gāng )则(zé )吐(tǔ )之(zhī )。”

唐(táng )韦(wéi )应(yīng )物(wù )《拟(nǐ )古(gǔ )诗(shī )》之(zhī )七(qī )：“折(shé )柔(róu )将(jiāng )有(yǒu )赠(zèng )，延(yán )意(yì )千(qiān )里(lǐ )客(kè )。”

唐(táng )韩(hán )愈(yù )孟(mèng )郊(jiāo )《城(chéng )南(nán )联(lián )句(jù )》：“脱(tuō )实(shí )自(zì )开(kāi )坼(chè )，牵(qiān )柔(róu )谁(shuí )绕(rào )萦(yíng )？”钱(qián )仲(zhòng )联(lián )集(jí )释(shì )：“魏(wèi )本(běn )引(yǐn )孙(sūn )汝(rǔ )听(tīng )曰(yuē )：实(shí )，果(guǒ )也(yě )。柔(róu )，蔓(màn )草(cǎo )也(yě )。”

4.柔(róu )化(huà )；使(shǐ )变(biàn )弱(ruò )。

《庄(zhuāng )子(zǐ )·在(zài )宥(yòu )》：“老(lǎo )聃(dān )曰(yuē )：‘女(nǚ )慎(shèn )无(wú )撄(yīng )人(rén )心(xīn )。’人(rén )心(xīn )排(pái )下(xià )而(ér )进(jìn )上(shàng )，上(shàng )下(xià )囚(qiú )杀(shā )，淖(nào )约(yuē )柔(róu )乎(hū )刚(gāng )彊(jiāng )。”

陈(chén )鼓(gǔ )应(yīng )今(jīn )译(yì )：“柔(róu )美(měi )的(de )心(xīn )志(zhì )表(biǎo )现(xiàn )可(kě )以(yǐ )柔(róu )化(huà )刚(gāng )强(qiáng )。”

唐(táng )孟(mèng )郊(jiāo )《古(gǔ )离(lí )别(bié )》诗(shī )：“春(chūn )芳(fāng )役(yì )双(shuāng )眼(yǎn )，春(chūn )色(sè )柔(róu )四(sì )支(zhī )。”

清(qīng )林(lín )则(zé )徐(xú )《勘(kān )估(gū )宝(bǎo )山(shān )县(xiàn )海(hǎi )塘(táng )工(gōng )程(chéng )摺(zhé )》：“旧(jiù )塘(táng )本(běn )嫌(xián )陡(dǒu )直(zhí )，收(shōu )分(fèn )过(guò )少(shǎo )，不(bú )足(zú )以(yǐ )柔(róu )潮(cháo )势(shì )。”

5.温(wēn )和(hé )；温(wēn )顺(shùn )。

《礼(lǐ )记(jì )·内(nèi )则(zé )》：“父(fù )母(mǔ )有(yǒu )过(guò )，下(xià )气(qì )怡(yí )色(sè )，柔(róu )声(shēng )以(yǐ )谏(jiàn )。”

《公(gōng )羊(yáng )传(chuán )·昭(zhāo )公(gōng )二(èr )十(shí )五(wǔ )年(nián )》：“且(qiě )夫(fū )牛(niú )马(mǎ )维(wéi )娄(lóu )，委(wěi )己(jǐ )者(zhě )也(yě )，而(ér )柔(róu )焉(yān )。”

何(hé )休(xiū )注(zhù )：“柔(róu )，顺(shùn )。”

晋(jìn )张(zhāng )华(huá )《女(nǚ )史(shǐ )箴(zhēn )》：“妇(fù )德(dé )尚(shàng )柔(róu )，含(hán )章(zhāng )贞(zhēn )吉(jí )。”

《北(běi )齐(qí )书(shū )·兰(lán )陵(líng )王(wáng )孝(xiào )瓘(guàn )传(chuán )》：“长(zhǎng )恭(gōng )貌(mào )柔(róu )心(xīn )壮(zhuàng )，音(yīn )容(róng )兼(jiān )美(měi )。”

6.怀(huái )柔(róu )，安(ān )抚(fǔ )。

《左(zuǒ )传(chuán )·文(wén )公(gōng )七(qī )年(nián )》：“叛(pàn )而(ér )不(bú )讨(tǎo )，何(hé )以(yǐ )示(shì )威(wēi )？服(fú )而(ér )不(bú )柔(róu )，何(hé )以(yǐ )示(shì )怀(huái )？”杜(dù )预(yù )注(zhù )：“柔(róu )，安(ān )也(yě )。”

《金(jīn )史(shǐ )·李(lǐ )石(shí )传(chuán )》：“北(běi )俗(sú )无(wú )定(dìng )居(jū )，出(chū )没(méi )不(bú )常(cháng )，惟(wéi )当(dāng )以(yǐ )德(dé )柔(róu )之(zhī )。”

清(qīng )林(lín )则(zé )徐(xú )《中(zhōng )秋(qiū )嶰(jiè )筠(jūn )尚(shàng )书(shū )招(zhāo )余(yú )及(jí )关(guān )天(tiān )培(péi )饮(yǐn )沙(shā )角(jiǎo )炮(pào )台(tái )眺(tiào )月(yuè )有(yǒu )作(zuò )》诗(shī )：“大(dà )宣(xuān )皇(huáng )威(wēi )震(zhèn )四(sì )裔(yì )，彼(bǐ )伏(fú )其(qí )罪(zuì )吾(wú )乃(nǎi )柔(róu )。”参(cān )见(jiàn )“柔(róu )远(yuǎn )能(néng )迩(ěr )”。

7.浸(jìn )渍(zì )；润(rùn )泽(zé )。

《国(guó )语(yǔ )·郑(zhèng )语(yǔ )》：“祝(zhù )融(róng )亦(yì )能(néng )昭(zhāo )显(xiǎn )天(tiān )地(dì )之(zhī )光(guāng )明(míng )，以(yǐ )生(shēng )柔(róu )嘉(jiā )材(cái )者(zhě )也(yě )。”

韦(wéi )昭(zhāo )注(zhù )：“柔(róu )，润(rùn )也(yě )。”

《淮(huái )南(nán )子(zǐ )·说(shuō )山(shān )训(xùn )》：“厉(lì )利(lì )剑(jiàn )者(zhě )，必(bì )以(yǐ )柔(róu )砥(dǐ )。”

高(gāo )诱(yòu )注(zhù )：“柔(róu )，濡(rú )。”

唐(táng )元(yuán )稹(zhěn )《酬(chóu )郑(zhèng )从(cóng )事(shì )宴(yàn )望(wàng )海(hǎi )亭(tíng )》诗(shī )：“欲(yù )将(jiāng )滑(huá )甘(gān )柔(róu )藏(cáng )府(fǔ )，已(yǐ )被(bèi )鬱(yù )噎(yē )冲(chōng )喉(hóu )咙(lóng )。”参(cān )见(jiàn )“柔(róu )麻(má )”。

8.灵(líng )活(huó )，灵(líng )巧(qiǎo )。

《庄(zhuāng )子(zǐ )·山(shān )木(mù )》：“此(cǐ )筋(jīn )骨(gǔ )非(fēi )有(yǒu )加(jiā )急(jí )而(ér )不(bú )柔(róu )也(yě )，处(chù )势(shì )不(bú )便(biàn )，未(wèi )足(zú )以(yǐ )逞(chěng )其(qí )能(néng )也(yě )。”

陈(chén )鼓(gǔ )应(yīng )今(jīn )注(zhù )：“不(bú )柔(róu )，不(bú )灵(líng )活(huó )。”

9.侯(hóu )国(guó )名(míng )。

汉(hàn )琅(láng )玡(yà )郡(jùn )有(yǒu )柔(róu )国(guó )。在(zài )今(jīn )山(shān )东(dōng )省(shěng )临(lín )沂(yí )县(xiàn )境(jìng )内(nèi )。见(jiàn )《汉(hàn )书(shū )·地(dì )理(lǐ )志(zhì )上(shàng )》。

10.姓(xìng )。

西(xī )夏(xià )有(yǒu )柔(róu )思(sī )义(yì )。见(jiàn )《金(jīn )史(shǐ )·交(jiāo )聘(pìn )表(biǎo )下(xià )》。

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